[烛光生存狂]-通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文

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主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27050

白瑞德

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发表回复： 4617
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【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:16:45 　

Section 2 - Civilian Power over Military, Cabinet, Pardon Power, Appointments

The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to Grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.

He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.

The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.

----------------------------

第二款：总统之军队、内阁、特赦及任命官员的权利

　　总统为合众国陆海军的总司令，并在各州民团奉召为合众国执行任务时担任统帅；他可以要求每个行政部门的主管官员提出有关他们职务的任何事件的书面意见，除了弹劾案之外，他有权对于违犯合众国法律者颁发缓刑和特赦。

　　总统有权缔订条约，但须争取参议院的意见和同意，并须出席的参议员中三分之二的人赞成；他有权提名，并于取得参议院的意见和同意后，任命大使、公使及领事、最高法院的法官，以及一切其它在本宪法中未经明定、但以后将依法律的规定而设置之合众国官员；国会可以制定法律，酌情把这些较低级官员的任命权，授予总统本人，授予法院，或授予各行政部门的首长。

　　在参议院休会期间，如遇有职位出缺，总统有权任命官员补充缺额，任期于参议院下届会议结束时终结。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27051

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:18:40 　

Section 3 - State of the Union, Convening Congress

He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.

---------------------------------

第三款：联邦、召集国会

　总统应经常向国会报告联邦的情况，并向国会提出他认为必要和适当的措施，供其考虑；在特殊情况下，他得召集两院或其中一院开会，并得于两院对于休会时间意见不一致时，命令两院休会到他认为适当的时期为止；他应接见大使和公使；他应注意使法律切实执行，并任命所有合众国的军官。

----------------------------------

Section 4 - Disqualification

The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.

-----------------------------

第四款：免职

　　合众国总统、副总统及其它所有文官，因叛国、贿赂或其它重罪和轻罪，被弹劾而判罪者，均应免职。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27052

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:19:27 　

Article III - The Judicial Branch

Section 1 - Judicial powers

The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behavior, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services a Compensation which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.

--------------------------

第三条司法机构

第一款：司法权力

　　合众国的司法权属于一个最高法院以及由国会随时下令设立的低级法院。最高法院和低级法院的法官，如果尽忠职守，应继续任职，并按期接受俸给作为其服务之报酬，在其继续任职期间，该项俸给不得削减。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27053

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:20:36 　

Section 2 - Trial by Jury, Original Jurisdiction, Jury Trials

(The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority; to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls; to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction; to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party; to Controversies between two or more States; between a State and Citizens of another State; between Citizens of different States; between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.) (This section in parentheses is modified by the 11th Amendment.)

In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.

The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.

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第二款：陪审之审理、初始审理权、陪审团

　　司法权适用的范围，应包括在本宪法、合众国法律、和合众国已订的及将订的条约之下发生的一切涉及普通法及衡平法的案件；一切有关大使、公使及领事的案件；一切有关海上裁判权及海事裁判权的案件；合众国为当事一方的诉讼；州与州之间的诉讼，州与另一州的公民之间的诉讼，一州公民与另一州公民之间的诉讼，同州公民之间为不同之州所让与之土地而争执的诉讼，以及一州或其公民与外国政府、公民或其国民之间的诉讼。（此段法律为1795年通过的第11宪法修正案修正）

　　在一切有关大使、公使、领事以及州为当事一方的案件中，最高法院有最初审理权。在上述所有其它案件中，最高法院有关于法律和事实的受理上诉权，但由国会规定为例外及另有处理条例者，不在此限。

　　对一切罪行的审判，除了弹劾案以外，均应由陪审团裁定，并且该审判应在罪案发生的州内举行；但如罪案发生地点并不在任何一州之内，该项审判应在国会按法律指定之地点或几个地点举行。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27054

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:21:19 　

Section 3 - Treason

Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.

The Congress shall have power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.

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第三款：叛国罪

　　只有对合众国发动战争，或投向它的敌人，予敌人以协助及方便者，方构成叛国罪。无论何人，如非经由两个证人证明他的公然的叛国行为，或经由本人在公开法庭认罪者，均不得被判叛国罪。

　　国会有权宣布对于叛国罪的惩处，但因叛国罪而被褫夺公权者，其后人之继承权不受影响，叛国者之财产亦只能在其本人生存期间被没收。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27055

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:22:32 　

Article IV - The States

Section 1 - Each State to Honor all others

Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.

-------------------

第四条各州

第一款：各州对其他州的尊重

　　各州对其它各州的公共法案、记录、和司法程序，应给予完全的信赖和尊重。国会得制定一般法律，用以规定这种法案、记录、和司法程序如何证明以及具有何等效力。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27056

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:23:25 　

Section 2 - State citizens, Extradition

The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.

A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.

(No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, But shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.) (This clause in parentheses is superseded by the 13th Amendment.)

----------------

第二款：州公民，引渡

　　每州公民应享受各州公民所有之一切特权及豁免。

　　凡在任何一州被控犯有叛国罪、重罪或其它罪行者，逃出法外而在另一州被缉获时，该州应即依照该罪犯所逃出之州的行政当局之请求，将该罪犯交出，以便移交至小该犯罪案件有管辖权之州。

　　凡根据一州之法律应在该州服役或服劳役者，逃往另一州时，不得因另一州之任何法律或条例，解除其服役或劳役，而应依照有权要求该项服役或劳役之当事一方的要求，把人交出。（此段为1865年第十三宪法修正案修改）

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27057

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:24:15 　

Section 3 - New States

New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new States shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.

The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.

---------------------------------

第三款：新州

　　国会得准许新州加入联邦；如无有关各州之州议会及国会之同意，不得于任何州之管辖区域内建立新州；亦不得合并两州或数州、或数州之一部分而成立新州。

　　国会有权处置合众国之属地及其它产业，并制定有关这些属地及产业的一切必要的法规和章则；本宪法中任何条文，不得作有损于合众国或任何一州之权利的解释。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27058

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:25:05 　

Section 4 - Republican government

The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.

第四款：共和政府

　　合众国保证联邦中的每一州皆为共和政体，保障它们不受外来的侵略；并且根据掳各州州议会或行政部门(当州议会不能召集时)的请求，平定其内部的暴乱。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

作者信息

主题: 通读美国宪法，顺带练习英文27059

白瑞德

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4617
网站暂行积分： 13488

【人类幸存者】

发表时间： 2011-7-11 8:25:43 　

Article V - Amendment

The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate.

------------------------------

第五条修正案

　　举凡两院议员各以三分之二的多数认为必要时，国会应提出对本宪法的修正案；或者，当现有诸州三分之二的州议会提出请求时，国会应召集修宪大会，以上两种修正案，如经诸州四分之三的州议会或四分之三的州修宪大会批准时，即成为本宪法之一部分而发生全部效力，至于采用那一种批准方式，则由国会议决；但一八○八年以前可能制定之修正案，在任何情形下，不得影响本宪法第一条第九款之第一、第四两项；任何一州，没有它的同意，不得被剥夺它在参议院中的平等投票权。

每当你几乎快被困难击倒，丧失斗志的时候，你就想想背后还有无数等你倒下捅刀子的SB，就充满了力量。

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