[烛光生存狂]-【翻译练习】Retreat

最近感觉论坛中的学术讨论氛围似有减弱，而且老同志的发帖热情明显降低啊。所以又整了一篇英文资料，感兴趣的朋友（比如roacher P.S.K和akiy等战友）可以尝试着翻译下，毕竟在增长知识的同时还可以温习下英语，何乐而不为呢？

A retreat is a commonly used term for a place of refuge for those in the Survivalist subculture or movement. Retreats are also sometimes called Bug-Out Locations (BOLs). Survivalist retreats are intended to be self-sufficient, easily-defended, and are generally located in lightly-populated rural areas.

Contents

1 History

1.1 1960s

1.2 1970s

1.3 1980s

1.4 1990s

1.5 2000-present

2 Common retreat locale parameters

2.1 Evacuation to a retreat

3 Retreat organization

4 Retreat architecture and security

5 Retreat logistics

6 Survivalist retreats worldwide

7 In fiction

7.1 Novels

7.2 Television programs

7.3 Films

8 Further reading

9 See also

10 References

History

While fallout shelters have been advocated since the 1950s, dedicated self-sufficient survivalist retreats have been advocated only since the mid-1970s, The survival retreat concept has been touted by a number of influential Survivalist writers including Ragnar Benson, Bruce D. Clayton, Jeff Cooper, Cresson Kearny, James Wesley Rawles, Howard Ruff, Kurt Saxon, Joel Skousen, Don Stephens, and Mel Tappan.

1960s

With the increasing inflation of the 1960s and the impending US monetary Devaluation (predicted by Harry Browne in his 1970 book How You Can Profit from the Coming Devaluation), as well as the continuing concern with possible nuclear exchanges between the US and the Soviet Union, and the increasing vulnerability of urban centers to supply shortages and other systems failures, a number of primarily conservative and Libertarian thinkers began suggesting that individual preparations would be wise. Browne began offering seminars in 1967 on how to survive a monetary collapse, with Don Stephens, an architect, providing input on how to build and equip a remote survival retreat. He provided a copy of his original Retreater's Bibliography (1967) for each seminar participant.

Articles on the subject appeared in such small-distribution Libertarian publications as The Innovator and Atlantis Quarterly. It was also from this period that Robert D. Kephart began publishing Inflation Survival Letter [1] (later renamed Personal Finance). The newsletter included a continuing section on personal preparedness by Stephens for several years. It promoted expensive seminars around the US on the same cautionary topics. Stephens participated, along with James McKeever and other defensive investing, "hard money" advocates.

1970s

In 1975, Kurt Saxon began publishing a newsletter called The Survivor, which advocated moving to lightly-populated regions to "lay low" during a socio-economic collapse, and setting up fortified enclaves for defense against what he termed "killer caravans"[2][3] of looters from urban areas.

In 1976, survival bookseller and author Don Stephens in Washington (author of The Survivor's Primer & Up-dated Retreater's Bibliography, 1976) popularized the term "retreater" and advocated relocating to a rural retreat when society breaks down.

Writers such as Howard Ruff warned about socio-economic collapse and recommended moving to lightly-populated farming regions, most notably in his 1979 book How to Prosper During the Coming Bad Years, a best-seller in 1979.

For a time in the 1970s, the terms "survivalist" and "retreater" were used interchangeably. The term "retreater" eventually fell out of favor.[4]

One of the most important newsletters on survivalism and survivalist retreats in the 1970s was the Personal Survival ("P.S.") Letter (circa 1977-1982) published by Mel Tappan, who also authored the books Survival Guns and Tappan on Survival. The newsletter included columns from Tappan himself as well from Jeff Cooper, Al J. Venter, Bill Pier, Bruce D. Clayton, Rick Fines, Nancy Mack Tappan, J.B. Wood, Dr. Carl Kirsch, Charles Avery, Karl Hess, Eugene A. Barron, Janet Groene, Dean Ing, Bob Taylor, Reginald Bretnor, C.G. Cobb, and several other writers, some under pen names. The majority of this newsletter revolved around selecting, constructing and logistically equipping survival retreats.[5] Following Tappan's death in 1980, Karl Hess took over publishing the newsletter, eventually renaming it Survival Tomorrow.

1980s

Survivalist retreat books of the 1980s were typified by the 1980 book Life After Doomsday[6] by Bruce D. Clayton advocating survival retreats in locales that would minimize fallout and specially-constructing Blast shelters and/or Fallout shelters that would provide Fallout Protection in the event of a nuclear war.

1990s

Several books published in the 1990s offered advice on survival retreats and relocation. Some influential in survivalist circles are Survival Retreat: A Total Plan For Retreat Defense by Ragnar Benson, Strategic Relocation—North American Guide to Safe Places by Joel Skousen, and The Secure Home, (also by Skousen).

2000-present

In recent years, advocacy of survivalist retreats has had a strong resurgence after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York in 2001 and similar attacks in Bali, Spain, and London.

Several books published since 2000 advocate survival retreats and relocation. Some that have been particularly influential in survivalist circles are How to Implement a High Security Shelter in the Home by Joel Skousen, Rawles on Retreats and Relocation by James Wesley Rawles, and Life After Terrorism: What You Need to Know to Survive in Today's World by Bruce D. Clayton.[7]

Online survival websites, forums, and blogs (such as SurvivalBlog) discuss the best locales for survival retreats, how to build, fortify, and equip them, and how to form survivalist retreat groups.[8]

Economic troubles emerging from the credit collapse triggered by the 2007 US subprime mortgage lending fiasco have prompted a wider cross-section of the populace to get their day-to-day homes prepared as well as establish dedicated survival retreats.[9] James Wesley Rawles, the editor of SurvivalBlog was quoted by the New York Times in April 2008 that "interest in the survivalist movement 'is experiencing its largest growth since the late 1970s'”. He also stated that his blog's conservative core readership has been supplemented with "an increasing number of stridently green and left-of-center readers."[9]

Common retreat locale parameters

Common retreat locale selection parameters include light population density, plentiful water, arable soil, good solar exposure for gardening and photovoltaics, situation above any flood plains, and a diverse and healthy local economy.[10] Fearing rioting, looting and other unrest, many survivalists advocate selecting retreat locales that are more than one tank of gasoline away from any major metropolitan region. Properties that are not in "channelized areas" or on anticipated "refugee lines of drift" are also touted.[11]

One of the key goals of retreats is to be self-sufficient for the duration of societal collapse. To that end, plentiful water and arable soil are paramount considerations. But just behind these comes isolated, defensible terrain. Typically, retreats do not want their habitations or structures jeopardized by being within line of sight of any major highway.

Because of its low population density and diverse economy, James Wesley Rawles [12] and Joel Skousen [13] both recommend the Intermountain West region of the United States as a preferred region for relocation and setting up retreats. Although it has higher population density, Mel Tappan recommended southwestern Oregon, where he lived[14], primarily because it is not down-wind of any envisioned nuclear targets in the United States.

Mel Tappan was disappointed by the demographics of southwestern Oregon after the survivalist influx of the late 1970s. "Too many doctors and lawyers" relocated to Oregon, and "not enough plumbers, electricians, or carpenters."[14]

Evacuation to a retreat

While most authorities recommend living at a rural retreat year-round,[15] most survivalists cannot afford to do so. Therefore, they rely on keeping a well-stocked retreat, and plan to go there "at the 11th hour", as necessary. They keep a bug-out bag handy, and may have a dedicated bug-out vehicle (BOV). This is a vehicle that the owner keeps prepared in the event of the need for an emergency evacuation. Typically a BOV is equipped with a variation on the bug-out bag that includes additional automotive supplies, clothing, food and water. Survivalists tend to favor four wheel drive trucks and SUVs due to their greater off-road abilities. In the event of a nuclear catastrophe, survivalists may opt into maintaining an older vehicle since it most likely lacks critical electronic components that would otherwise get "fried" by an electromagnetic pulse.

Retreat organization

Most survivalist retreats are organized by extended families,[16] but some "group retreats" or "covenant communities" are formed along the lines of an Intentional Community.

Retreat architecture and security

Jeff Cooper popularized the concept of hardening retreats against small arms fire. In an article titled "Notes on Tactical Residential Architecture" in Issue #30 of P.S. Letter (April, 1982), Cooper suggested using the "Vauban Principle", whereby projecting bastion corners would prevent miscreants from being able to approach a retreat's exterior walls in any blind spots. Retreat building corners with this simplified implementation of a Vauban Star are now called "Cooper Corners" by James Wesley Rawles, in honor of Jeff Cooper.[17] Depending on the size of the group needing shelter, design elements of traditional European castle architecture, as well as Chinese Fujian Tulou and Mexican walled courtyard houses have been suggested for survival retreats.

In both his book Rawles on Retreats and Relocation and in his survivalist novel, Patriots: A Novel of Survival in the Coming Collapse, Rawles describes in great detail retreat groups "upgrading" brick or other masonry houses with steel reinforced window shutters and doors, the excavation of anti-vehicular ditches, warded gate locks, constructing concertina wire obstacles and fougasses, and setting up listening post/observation posts (LP/OPs.) Rawles is a proponent of including a mantrap foyer at survival retreats, an architectural element that he calls a "crushroom".[18]

Bruce D. Clayton and Joel Skousen have both written extensively on integrating fallout shelters into retreat homes, but they put less emphasis on ballistic protection and exterior perimeter security than Cooper and Rawles.

Retreat logistics

Anticipating long periods of time without commerce in the future, as well as observing documented history, retreat groups typically place a strong emphasis on logistics. They amass stockpiles of supplies for their own use, for charity, and for barter. Frequently cited key logistics for a retreat include long term storage food, common caliber ammunition, medical supplies, tools, gardening seed, and fuel. In an article titled "Ballistic Wampum" in Issue #6 of P.S. Letter (1979) Jeff Cooper wrote about stockpiling ammunition far in excess of his own needs, keeping the extra available to use for bartering.

In their books, Joel Skousen, Mel Tappan and Howard Ruff all emphasize the need to have a one year supply of storage food.

Even mainstream economist and financial adviser Barton Biggs is a proponent of well-stocked retreats. In his 2008 book Wealth, War and Wisdom, Biggs has a gloomy outlook for the economic future, and suggests that investors take survivalist measures. In the book, Biggs recommends that his readers should “assume the possibility of a breakdown of the civilized infrastructure.” He goes so far as to recommend setting up survival retreats: “Your safe haven must be self-sufficient and capable of growing some kind of food,” Mr. Biggs writes. “It should be well-stocked with seed, fertilizer, canned food, wine, medicine, clothes, etc. Think Swiss Family Robinson. Even in America and Europe there could be moments of riot and rebellion when law and order temporarily completely breaks down.”[9]

Survivalist retreats worldwide

Survivalist retreats, both formal and informal are popular worldwide, most visibly in Australia,[19] Belgium, Canada,[20] France[21], Germany[22] (often organized under the guise of "adventuresport" clubs)[23], New Zealand[24], Norway[25], Russia[26],Sweden[27], the United Kingdom[28] and the United States.[29]

In fiction

Novels

Robert A. Heinlein featured survivalist retreats in some of his science fiction. Farnham's Freehold (1964) begins as a story of small group survivalist retreat in a nuclear war. Heinlein also wrote essays such as How to be a Survivor[30] which provide advice on preparing for and surviving a nuclear war, including stocking a fallout shelter and retreat.

Malevil by French writer Robert Merle (1972) describes refurbishing a medieval castle, and its use as a survivalist stronghold in the aftermath of a full-scale nuclear war. The novel was adapted into a 1981 film directed by Christian de Chalonge and starring Michel Serrault, Jacques Dutronc, Jacques Villeret and Jean-Louis Trintignant [1].

Lucifer's Hammer by Jerry Pournelle and Larry Niven (1977) is about a cataclysmic comet hitting the Earth, and a group people struggling to survive the aftermath in southern California. Their retreat is an isolated mountain community, which they barricade from outsiders.

Patriots: A Novel of Survival in the Coming Collapse by James Wesley Rawles (2009) is a novel about a full-scale socio-economic collapse and subsequent invasion of the US. The novel describes in detail how the lead characters establish a self-sufficient survival retreat in north-central Idaho.

Television programs

Jericho (2006) is a TV series that portrays a small town in Kansas after a series of nuclear explosions across the United States. In the series, the character Robert Hawkins uses his prior planning and survival skills in preparation of the attacks. Most of the episodes center around the sudden collapse of American society resulting in a six way split of the country. The town usually must fight an outside enemy in order to preserve their food and supplies.

The BBC TV series Survivors from 1975-1977 suggested a UK view of survivalism with a small band of survivors emerging from a pandemic that wipes out more than 95% of the population. The BBC as of November 2008 started airing a new updated Survivors series. This new series is more hard-edged than the original, but still shows the protagonist "Abby Grant" and her ad hoc survival group as reluctant to arm themselves, even after being confronted by armed adversaries on numerous occasions. As of episode 6 (which aired on Dec. 29, 2008) Abby's group is forced to abandoned their quasi-retreat—a country estate—following a confrontation and kidnapping by a provisional government.

Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles (2008) is a science fiction show involving time travel with lead characters that take survivalist steps to prepare for, or possibly prevent, a future nuclear war. Some of the characters such as Dr. Silberman could definitely be described as a survivalists, and have survival retreats, in anticipation of "Judgment Day".

Films

The Postman depicts a post-apocalyptic future in America in which a survivalist militia preys on weaker communities. Some of these communities are organized and barricaded as large-scale retreats.

In Mad Max 2, a global oil shortage causes a total socioeconomic collapse and depopulation. The few scattered survivors in the Australian Outback are depicted fighting for survival, with precious "guzzoline" as their main object. The protagonist survivors are forced to flee their retreat when it is attacked by a large gang of mechanized looters.

In Terminator 2: Judgment Day John Connor's mother, Sarah Connor stores weapons in an underground shelter in the desert, as instructed by Kyle Reese, John's father, in preparation for an apocalypse precipitated by computerized machines.

Further reading

The text of some books discussing survivalist retreats can be found online:

Fallout Protection (1961)[31]

Nuclear War Survival Skills by Cresson Kearny (1979, updated 1987 version) ISBN 0-942487-01-X

Survival Under Atomic Attack (1950) [32]

Tappan on Survival by Mel Tappan (1981) ISBN 0-916172-04-X [33]

Textfiles.com archive of articles that circulated online during the BBS era, includes several Kurt Saxon articles from his old newsletter: Article archives

甲撤退是一个收容所在生存专家亚文化和运动的场所常用术语。务虚会有时也称为错误，输出位置（专线）。生存专家务虚会的目的是自给自足，易于维护，而且一般在人烟稀少的农村地区的。

1历史

1.1 1960

1.2 1970

1.3 1980

1.4 20世纪90年代

1.5 2000年至今

2共同撤退区域参数

2.1撤离到撤退

3务虚会组织

4务虚会的架构和安全

5退物流

全球6生存专家务虚会

7在小说

7.1小说

7.2电视节目

7.3电影

8延伸阅读

9参见

10参考

历史

虽然尘庇护站20世纪50年代以来提倡的，专门自给自足的生存专家务虚会一直主张只是自70年代中期，生存撤退概念已经由一个有影响力的生存专家作家包括拉格纳本森，布鲁斯D克莱顿，杰夫人数吹捧库珀，克勒松卡尼，韦斯利Rawles詹姆斯，霍华德拉夫，库尔特撒克逊，乔尔考森，唐斯蒂芬斯和梅尔塔潘。

1960

随着20世纪60年代增加通货膨胀和迫在眉睫的美国货币贬值（预测哈里布朗1970年在他的书中你如何从即将贬值可以利润），以及与美国和苏联的核往来的持续关注，与城市中心越来越容易受到供应短缺和其他系统故障，主要是一个保守和自由主义思想家开始暗示个别的筹备工作将是明智的。布朗在1967年开始提供的研讨会就如何生存的货币崩溃，唐蒂芬斯，建筑师提供了关于如何建立和装备远程生存撤退投入，。他提供了他原来的Retreater的书目（1967），每个研讨会参与者的副本。

关于这个问题的文章出现在这样小的分布，创新者和亚特兰蒂斯按季自由意志出版物。正是从这个时期，罗伯特D凯普哈特开始出版通货膨胀存在通讯也[1]（后更名为个人理财）。该通讯包括由斯蒂芬个人准备了数年的持续部分。它促进同谨慎的主题围绕美国昂贵的研讨会。斯蒂芬斯参加，随着詹姆斯McKeever和其他防卫投资，“硬钱”的倡导者。

1970

1975年，库尔特撒克逊开始公布通讯幸存者呼吁，鼓吹转移到人烟稀少的地区，以“隐姓埋名”期间，社会经济崩溃，并设立对他所称的“杀手大篷车”[2防御强化飞地] [3掠夺者]来自城市地区。

1976年，书商的生存和作家斯蒂芬在华盛顿唐（作者幸存者的引物和最多过时Retreater的书目，1976年）推广“一词retreater”，主张迁往农村撤退，当社会发生故障。

作家霍华德警告说，如拉夫对社会经济崩溃，并建议转移到人烟稀少的地区种植，1979年在他的书中最显着的繁荣如何在即将来临的糟糕的两年，一本畅销书于1979年。

对于20世纪70年代的时间中，“生存专家”和“retreater”是交替使用。术语“retreater”最终失宠[4]。

关于survivalism和生存专家务虚会的最重要的20世纪70年代通讯之一是个人生存（“私人秘书”）信（大约1977-1982年）由Mel塔潘，谁也撰写的关于生存的书籍生存枪和塔潘出版。该通讯包括来自塔潘自己，也从杰夫库珀，铝J.特尔，比尔码头，布鲁斯D克莱顿，里克罚款，南希麦克塔潘，JB木博士卡尔基尔希，查尔斯艾弗里，卡尔海丝，尤金列巴伦，珍妮特格罗埃内，院长蔡英文，鲍勃泰勒，雷Bretnor，鸟苷科布和其他一些作家，有的在隐姓。周围选择多数围绕本通讯，后勤装备建设和生存的务虚会。[5]继1980年塔潘死亡，卡尔海丝接管了各种小报，最终命名它生存明天。

20世纪80年代

20世纪80年代生存专家撤退书籍典型的末日1980年后，书籍，[6，布鲁斯克莱顿]主张在区域设置的生存撤退，将尽量减少后遗症，以及特制的爆炸中心建设和/或尘庇护所提供的保护在尘如果核战争。

20世纪90年代

20世纪90年代出版的几本书提供了生存务虚会和搬迁的意见。一些生存专家界颇有影响的是生存退：为撤退拉格纳本森，战略搬迁，北美指南国防部总计划由Joel古森至安全地方，和家庭的安全，（也斯考森）。

2000年至今

近年来，对生存专家务虚会的宣传工作已在世界贸易中心2001年在纽约和巴厘，西班牙，类似的袭击和伦敦的恐怖袭击事件有力的复苏。

出版了几本书自2000年以来倡导的生存务虚会和搬迁。一些已特别是在生存专家界颇有影响的是如何实现一个高安全性住房的家庭由Joel考森，Rawles搬迁的务虚会和詹姆斯韦斯利Rawles，和恐怖主义后生活：什么您需要知道在今天的世界中生存的布鲁斯D克莱顿[7]。

网络生存网站，论坛和博客（如SurvivalBlog）讨论生存务虚会，如何建设，巩固最好的语言环境，并让他们，以及如何形成生存专家撤退群体。[8]

经济问题在2007年由美国次级抵押贷款所引发的混乱信贷崩溃出现，促使更广泛的跨节的民众得到他们的日常日常家庭准备，并建立专门的生存务虚会。[9]詹姆斯韦斯利Rawles ，编辑的SurvivalBlog是由纽约时报引述2008年4月，“在生存专家运动的兴趣正经历着自70年代后期，其最大的增长”。他还表示，他的博客的保守核心读者已与“一个补充越来越多的严正绿色和左，中间的读者。“[9]

共同撤退区域参数

共同撤退区域选择的参数包括轻型人口密度，丰富的水资源，耕地土壤，良好的园艺和光电，上述任何冲积平原日光照射的情况，以及多样化和健康的地方经济。[10]由于担心骚乱，抢劫和其他动乱，许多survivalists提倡选择撤退区域设置一个以上的汽油罐从任何主要的大都市地区的距离。属性未在“信道地区”或预期的“漂移难民线”，也不划算。[11]

的务虚会的主要目标之一是自我的社会崩溃的时间足够了。为此，丰富的水资源和耕地的土壤是最重要的考虑因素。但是，这些来自仅次于孤立，防御地形。通常情况下，务虚不希望自己的居住区或任何内主要道路视线受到损害的结构。

由于其人口密度低和多样化的经济，詹姆斯韦斯利Rawles [12]和乔尔考森[13]同时建议，作为搬迁的首选区域的美国西部山脉之间地区设立务虚会。虽然具有较高的人口密度，梅尔塔潘俄勒冈州西南部的建议，在他所住[14]，主要是因为它不实，任何设想的美国核目标风。

梅尔塔潘感到失望俄勒冈州西南部的人口统计后，70年代末生存专家涌入。 “有太多的医生和律师”迁移到俄勒冈州，或“没有足够管道工，电工，或木工。”[14]

撤离到撤退

虽然大多数机构都推荐住在农村撤退全年，[15]最survivalists不能这样做。因此，他们依靠保持良好的放养撤退，并计划去那里的11个小时“”，必要的。他们保持一个错误出袋方便，并可能有一个专门的错误，有关车辆（BOV的）。这是一个业主保持在一个紧急疏散时需要准备的工具。通常，BOV的配备上的缺陷变异出袋，其中包括额外的汽车用品，衣物，食物和水。 Survivalists倾向于四轮驱动卡车和SUV，由于有更大的越野能力。在发生核灾难的事件，survivalists可以选择到维持一个较旧的车辆，因为它最有可能缺乏重要的电子元件，否则得到“炒一个电磁脉冲”。

务虚会的组织

大多数生存专家务虚会是由大家庭，[16]，但一些“组务虚会”或“社区公约”是沿有意共同体线形成。

务虚会的架构和安全

杰夫库珀推广了强化对小型武器的火力务虚会的概念。在标题为“债券在战术居住建筑”的问题的PS＃30的文章信（4月，1982），库珀建议使用“沃邦原则”，即预测堡垒角落将防止歹徒的方法能够在任何盲点，撤退的外墙。对这样的沃邦星简化实现退建设角落现在被称为“库珀趣詹姆斯韦斯利Rawles”，在杰夫库珀的荣誉。[17]根据不同的需要住房的群体规模，传统的欧洲城堡的建筑设计元素，以及中国福建土楼和墨西哥围墙的四合院已经提出退的生存。

在这两种他务虚会和搬迁，并在他的生存专家小说，爱国者书Rawles：小说的生存，在即将崩溃，Rawles详细描述了撤退组升级“砖或其他砌体房屋的钢筋百叶窗和门”的挖掘反车辆壕沟，拒门锁，建设铁丝网障碍和fougasses，设立监听站/观察哨（唱片/磷）。Rawles是包括在生存的务虚会，一个建筑元素mantrap大厅，他的支持者所谓的“crushroom”。[18]

布鲁斯D克莱顿和Joel古森都撰写了大量关于纳入家庭尘庇护所回落，但穿上防弹比库珀和Rawles外部边界安全，少强调。

退物流

预计在未来没有商业很长一段时间，以及观察记载的历史，退团体通常放置在一个强大的物流重点。他们凝聚力量，为自己使用的物品储存，慈善，和易货贸易。经常提到的一个重要的物流，包括撤退长期储存食品，共同口径弹药，医疗用品，工具，园艺种子和燃料。在一篇题为“弹道导弹万珀姆”的发行私人秘书＃6信（1979）杰夫库珀写的储存弹药远远超出自己的需要，保持额外提供用于权钱交易。

在他们的书籍，乔尔考森，梅尔塔潘和霍华德拉夫都强调需要有一个存储粮食一年供应。

即使是主流经济学家和金融顾问巴顿比格斯是一个藏书丰富的务虚会的支持者。 2008年在他的书中财富，战争和智慧，比格斯已经为未来经济前景黯淡，并建议投资者采取生存专家措施。在这本书中，比格斯建议，他的读者应该“承担起一个文明的基础设施遭到破坏的可能性。”他竟然建议成立生存退：“你的避难所，必须自给自足，种植某种能力食品，“Biggs先生写道。 “应该有大量藏书的种子，肥料，罐头食品，酒类，药品，衣服等想想瑞士家庭鲁宾逊。即使在美国和欧洲可能会有暴动和叛乱时刻法律和秩序的时候，暂时完全破裂。“[9]

全球生存专家务虚会

生存专家务虚会，正式和非正式的普及到全世界，在澳大利亚最为明显，[19]比利时，加拿大，[20]法国[21]，德国[22]（经常组织以“adventuresport”俱乐部的名义）[23] ，新西兰[24]，挪威[25]，俄罗斯[26]，瑞典[27]，英国[28]和美国。[29]

在小说

小说

罗伯特A海因莱因的特色在他的科幻小说的一些生存专家务虚会。法纳姆的永久业权（1964年）开始作为一个小团体生存专家务虚会在核战争的故事。海因莱因也说，如如何成为幸存者[30]提供有关准备和咨询散文幸存核战争，包括放养1尘住房和撤退。

由法国作家罗伯特默尔（1972）Malevil描述整修一座中世纪的城堡，它作为一个全面核战争的后果生存专家据点使用。这本小说被改编成由克里斯蒂安沙隆热主演米歇尔塞侯，雅克迪特隆，雅克尔莱和让路易特兰蒂尼昂[1执导1981年的电影]。

路西法的由杰里Pournelle和拉瑞尼文（1977）锤是一个灾难性的打击地球的彗星，及一个人挣扎求存的在南加州的善后事宜。他们的撤退是一个偏远山区社区，他们与外界路障。

爱国者：一种生存在即将崩溃小说詹姆斯韦斯利Rawles（2009年），是一个全面的社会经济崩溃和随后的美国入侵小说。小说描述了主角建立自我生存北部足够的撤退，中央爱达荷州的细节。

电视节目

杰里科（2006年）是一个电视系列节目的描述后在美国一系列核爆炸，在堪萨斯州一个小镇。在系列，人物罗伯特霍金斯用他事先规划和准备的攻击生存技能。大多数围绕美国在该国6个地分裂而引起的社会突然崩溃集中心。这个镇通常要争取外部的敌人，以维护他们的食物和用品。

英国广播公司电视从1975-1977年系列幸存者建议，并从一个新兴的幸存者流行小乐队的survivalism英国认为，抹消了超过95％的人口。作为2008年11月英国广播公司播出一个新的开始更新的幸存者系列。这一系列新的更强硬比原来的，但仍显示了主人公“阿比格兰特”，是不愿武装自己生存的专案小组，甚至在被武装对手多次面临上涨。作为第6集（其中播出的2008年12月29日）阿比集团被迫放弃了准撤退，一个国家的房地产，后对抗和临时政府绑架。

终结者：莎拉康纳编年史（2008年）是科幻显示，涉及时间与主角生存专家的旅费采取的准备步骤，也可能防止未来核战争。某些字符，如博士西尔伯曼一定可以称为survivalists，并生存务虚会在“审判日即将到来”。

电影

邮差描述后在美国世界末日的未来，对弱势群体生存专家民兵猎物。这些社区的一些组织和大规模的撤退堵住。

在疯狂的麦克斯2，全球石油短缺的原因，总的社会经济崩溃和销毁。在澳大利亚内陆地区有一些零星的幸存者被描述为生存而战，以珍贵的“guzzoline”为主要对象。主人公幸存者被迫逃离他们撤退时，它是由一个大型的机械化抢劫团伙的袭击。

在终结者2：审判日约翰康纳的母亲莎拉康纳商店的武器在沙漠中的地下掩体的指示，由Kyle里斯，约翰的父亲，一个启示，准备由电脑机沉淀。

进一步阅读

一些讨论生存专家务虚会书籍的内容可以在网上找到：

尘保护（1961）[31]

核战争生存的克勒松卡尼（1979年，技能更新书号0 1987年版）- 942487 - 01 - X

生存在原子弹爆炸（1950）[32]

塔潘的生存书号0 - 916172 - 04 - X [33梅尔塔潘（1981）]

Textfiles.com存档文章，在论坛期间散发时代在线，包括几个库尔特撒克逊的文章，从他的老通讯：第档案

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