[烛光生存狂]-【卫国战争老兵回忆】阿列克谢谢尔盖耶维奇瓦利亚耶夫

http://mig3.sovietwarplanes.com/pilots/valyaev/valyaev.htm

INTERVIEW WITH ALEXEI SERGEEVICH VALYAEV, PILOT OF 180-TH GVIAP

阿列克谢谢尔盖耶维奇瓦利亚耶夫访谈

Interviewers: Oleg Korytov and Konstantin Chirkin

采访：奥列格科雷托夫及康斯坦汀奇尔金

Translator: Oleg Korytov

翻译：奥列格科雷托夫

Redactor: Igor Zhydov

校对：伊戈尔日多夫

Interview taken on: 11.10.2006

采访时间：2006年11月10日

Photo: Starshii (senior) Lieutenant Valyaev in autumn of 1944

照片注释：空军上尉瓦利亚耶夫摄于1944年秋

My name is Alexei Sergeevich Valyaev, I was born in Kostromskaya District, Village Medvezye, 15 March 1921, but the officially I was signed on 8-th of October. The village was really small, with a single church in it. My family consisted of two older sisters, me and my younger brother, who was born in 1924 and is still alive too, my parents and my grand father…

我叫阿列克谢谢尔盖耶维奇瓦利亚耶夫，1921年3月15日生于科思特罗姆斯卡亚州梅德韦季镇，但是正式资料上我的生日确是10月8日。梅德韦季镇是个很小的地方，只有一座教堂。我的家人包括两个姐姐，一个弟弟，父母和我爷爷，我弟弟生于1924年，他目前仍然健在。

— Who were your parents?

My father was a carpenter, and had four classes education, and so he was the most educated man in the village. Because of this he was made the head of the collective farm. My mother was from the peasant’s family. We also were peasants; there was some land in our property, a horse and some cattle. But it looked like… sheds…

— 你的父母都是什么样的人

我父亲是个木匠，他上学上到了四年级，所以他是村子里学历最高的人。因为这一点所以他成了集体农庄的头头。我妈妈是个农民家的女儿。我们一家人也都是农民；我们家的财产包括一小块地，一匹马和几头牛，但是家里却像…..窝棚一样….

— How did you get to aviation?

How? In Leningrad we had air clubs.

— What was your educational status and how did you get to Leningrad?

I was 9 years old at the moment. My grandfather had a private house with 3 hectares of land, not far from first Suzdalskoye Lake in Ozerki. Three rooms, a kitchen, sauna and well…

— Were there attempts to take it from your family?

No, never.

—你是怎么开始学习飞行的？

怎么开始的？在列宁格勒有航空俱乐部。

—你上过什么学校呢？又是怎么去的列宁格勒？

我当时九岁，我爷爷在苏兹达利斯科耶湖附近离奥泽尔基（该地位于列宁格勒以北约10公里—译者注）不远的地方有一栋房子还有三顷地。有三间屋子，厨房、桑拿浴室，还有其他的东西一应俱全……

—曾经有人试过分割你家庭的财产么？

不，从来没有过。

— So, you went to school here?

—所以你就在那上学了？

No, I went to school at the village, and continued my education here from second class. I finished 8 classes and begun to work at the “Klimov's” plant. We used to build L-7 motorcycles and some kind of military production – gearboxes for armor… I was summoned to KomSoMol, and its secretary asked me if I wanted to participate in war with Finns. I agreed, although I wasn’t even 18 years old.

不，我是在本村入的学，后来转学到了那里。我在8年级学习毕业以后开始在卡莫夫工厂工作。当时我们在厂里生产L-7型摩托车和一些其他的军用装备—比如装甲车辆用的变速箱……当时团支书问我是否愿意加入到对芬兰的战争中，我响应了团组织的号召，决定参军，尽管当时我甚至都不满十八岁。

We gathered together at Orehovo. It was winter, and there were about a thousand of us. For some reason I was made a signalman for battalion commander. We were sent to a place where Ladoga Lake was connected with some river, about 30 km off the Leningrad. We were ordered to dig holes in the ground. «No smoking, no drinking, no shouting…»

我们这些新兵被送到了奥列霍沃集结，当时是冬天，当地集结了上千名跟我一样的新兵，因为某种理由我被分配给一位营长做他的通讯员，我们被送到了某条河汇入拉多加湖的地方，离列宁格勒约30公里。我们奉命在当地挖掘掩体，期间不许抽烟，不许喝酒，不许大声喧哗……

There were three of us, and we made a hole, made a bed out of fur-tree branches, covered it from the top with the same branches and went to sleep. So, eventually we had quite a good sleep, although it was a bit cold. First thing in the morning we were given fur-coats and valenki’s.

我和另外两个人被分在一组一起挖掘，要给自己铺好床铺—用树枝铺成床，再用一样的材料购置屋顶，然后就可以在里边睡觉了。最后我们终于能睡个好觉了，虽然天气有点冷。每天早上起来的第一件事情就是穿上皮大衣和valenki靴（一种俄国特有的羊毛靴—译者注。）

Then we were sent to the front line. On the one side of the river we sat, on the other side Finns. We used to walk in the trenches, and used to have a laugh at Finnish snipers – we used to take hats and stick it at bayonet. Slowly move it upwards… and they would shoot at it. Then we were ordered to charge at the Finnish positions straight through the river ice… They killed a lot of our men there with machinegun fire; half of our battalion was killed there. One or two days later an armistice was signed, and we went to pick our fallen comrades.…

之后我们奔赴前线，当时我们和芬兰人隔河对峙，一边是我们的阵地，另外一边则是芬兰人的。我们经常在战壕里四处走动，也经常逗弄芬兰狙击手—找一顶帽子，用刺刀挑着然后慢慢的举起来……这样就能逗引芬兰狙击手开枪。后来上级命令我们越过封冻的河面向芬军阵地发动进攻……对方的机枪火力给我们造成了巨大的伤亡，我们营阵亡的士兵达到了半数。一到两天以后停战协议生效，而我们则趁机去给那些牺牲的同志收尸。

— Have you seen any killed Finns?

No, they were sitting in trenches and concrete strongholds.

- Still, they were shelled by artillery and bombed by aircraft…

Compared to our losses it was nothing. Imagine, there were 9 of our volunteers battalions advancing over ice… Basically speaking, they kicked us…

—你曾经目睹过被打死的芬兰人么？

不，他们基本都呆在战壕和混凝土防御工事里。

—尽管如此，他们仍然要经受炮火和飞机的猛烈轰击……

这些和我们遭受的伤亡对比根本不值一提。你可以想象一下，我们有九个营越过冰河投入进攻……基本上来说，是他们在痛击我们……

— Did you have white over-coats?

No. We were dressed in fur coats and that was it. So, when the fighting was over I was given 6000 rubles “battle money” and returned to my plant. As a reward I was given the possibility to buy a motorcycle bypassing the pre-order line.

—给你配发过白色伪装服么？

没有，我们就穿着皮大衣战斗。就这样，战争结束的时候给我发了六千卢布的“参战奖金”，然后我就复员回工厂了。由于得到了这么一笔奖金，所以我可以从工厂里买上一辆摩托车。

Photo: Before Soviet-Finnish war. Private Valyaev A.S.

照片注释：摄于苏芬战争之前。士兵瓦利亚耶夫。

— So, how you ended up in aviation?

There was an aero club in Obuhovo, there I, along with my 2 brothers and 2 cousins finished primary flight education with a Po-2.

—那么，你是怎么开始学习飞行的呢？

在奥布霍夫有个飞行俱乐部，我和我的两个兄弟以及另外两个堂兄弟一起在那学习飞行，在波-2型飞机上完成了初级飞行训练。

— Your brother participated in GPW?

Yes, but he was in the marines. I finished aero club and was left there as an instructor. Then I was sent to Vyadnikovskoe military flight school, it was located near Moscow. It was just organized. I was among the first. So I finished this school, and once again was left there as an instructor, but I had to do a lot of other things – I was a driver, I used to repair broken cars… When Germans got close to Moscow, a lot of people fled to Gorkii（Groki—哥尔克） by cars, and when they run out of fuel they simply abandoned them. And I used to pick some fuel with me and brought them to the airdrome.

—然后你的兄弟参军了？

是的，不过他加入的是海军步兵。我从航空俱乐部毕业以后留在那里成为了一名教官。后来我被调到了位于莫斯科附近的维亚迪尼科夫斯科耶军事飞行学校。那所学校刚成立不久，我是第一批学员之一。从那里毕业以后我再次成了一名留校教官，但其实我的工作是一些和教学无关的事情—我成了一名司机，经常要修理一些损坏的汽车……当德军逼近莫斯科的时候，许多人驾车逃向高尔基，而当车开到没油了以后他们往往就简单的把车一扔，我经常要带着汽油去把他们带到机场。— What kinds of planes you flew in

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此贴已由管理员在 2010-11-27 21:18:37 执行 +300分 操作

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