[烛光生存狂]-【翻译】1937年11月，苏联红军五年发展计划(谁有兴趣来看一下)

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As I promised I post here the translated RKKA's five year plan (138-42). The document was approved by the government's Defense Comittee on 29th November 1937. Trnaslated from "1941. Documents". Vol.2, Moscow, 1998

Report of the People’s Commissar for Defense and Chief of the General Staff to VKP(b) Central Committee – I.V. Stalin on the plan of reorganization of the RKKA in 1938-42.

№4/1/49559

[Not later than 29 November 1937]

№ 9cc/ov Top Secret

Special importance

The plan of the USSR Armed Forces development is based on:

1.Necessity to strengthen the shock power and operational mobility of the RKKA by means of expansion of mobilized rifle units, organic and reserve artillery, air forces, creation of large GHQ reserve automobile units of operational purpose, further motorization of rear units and tractorization of frontline units and army rear.

2.Mobilization of the RKKA by echelons depending on accumulation of material resources.

I.Plan of development and reorganization of RKKA ground forces.

A.Rifle forces

a)Composition of peacetime rifle forces by 1.1.1938

Rifle forces in peacetime (by 1.1.1938) consist of 96 rifle divisions, including:

Cadre and mixed divisions – 52

Mountain – 10

Territorial – 34

Total: 96

Rifle corps in the peacetime – 25

Each corps has a corps artillery regiment – 36 guns (of them 24 107-mm cannons and 12 152-mm howitzers). In addition 11 corps have 11 corps heavy (howitzer) regiments – 18 guns (of them 12 152-mm howitzers and 6 203-mm howitzers)

The overall strength of peacetime rifle troops by 1.1.1938 – 616 000 men.

In addition, in garrisons of fortified region in the East and West in the peacetime (by 1.1.1938) there are:

Separate machinegun battalions (apart from machinegun battalions of rifle divisions) – 21

Separate artillery battalions (apart from artillery of rifle divisions) – 11

Caponnier artillery platoons – 111

Total machineguns (apart from machineguns of rifle divisions) – 1986

Field guns (apart from guns of rifle divisions) – 99

Caponnier guns – 222

The overall strength of fortified regions’ garrisons in the peacetime (by 1.1.1938 without fortified region divisions and fleet’s coastal defense) is 20 940.

Thereby the overall strength of rifle troops together with the strength of fortified regions by 1.1.1938 is 636 940.

b)Organizational changes of 1938-42 in rifle troops

According to the RKKA development plan the overall number – 96 divisions remain, it is planned to have four types of rifle divisions in the peacetime:

Type/West/East/Totals

1.Cadre rifle divisions (6 950 men)*/34/4/38

2.Cadre triple formation rifle divisions (5 220 men)/31/5/36

3.Cadre rifle divisions of the Special Red-Banner Far-Eastern Army [OKDVA](10 000 men)/-/12/12

4.Mountain rifle divisions (4 000 men)/9/1/10

Totals/74/22/96

*Comment: 9 fortified region divisions are included. In the peace time each of their rifle regiments has: two rifle battalions of normal composition, the third battalion has only cadre personnel, and there is an additional 4th machinegun battalion.

In each rifle division a second artillery (howitzer) regiment is formed, an AT battalion, regimental mortar platoons, large-caliber AA machinegun platoons, an AA battalion. The number of medium and high-caliber gun in divisional artillery is brought from 48 to 69 (including light howitzers – 28, heavy – 12, cannons – 20). In addition, in the rifle division 76-mm regimental guns – 18. The number of 45-mm AT guns is increased from 18 to 36, the number of mortars – from 18 to 30. In each rifle division (beginning from 1939 as soon as deliveries from the industry permit) AA guns are introduced: 4 76-mm and 8 37-mm. In divisions of the OKDVA the number of divisional guns is increased from 40 to 60, the number of divisional cannons being 12, and howitzers – 48.

Instead of the tank battalion existing in each rifle division (3 companies of T-26) and 10 T-38 in the divisional reconnaissance battalion, in the rifle division only one tank company remains (12 T-26 and 5 T-38) converted in the wartime into the two-company tank battalion (14 T-26 and 22 T-38, total 36 tanks).

All territorial and mixed rile divisions are reorganized according to the TO&E of triple formation rifle division having 5 220 men.

In addition to the 11 heavy corps regiments 9 regiments are formed (30 guns, of them 24 152-mm howitzers and 6 203-mm howitzers) and existing 11 regiments are strengthened from 18 to 30 guns (by 12 152-mm howitzers).

All the 25 corps artillery (cannon) regiments receive 122-mm guns instead of 107-mm as soon as they are received from the industry.

As a result in the peacetime there will be 2 artillery regiments armed with 66 guns (of them 24 107-122-mm cannons, 36 152-mm howitzers and 6 203-mm howitzers).

The number of artillery pieces in rifle corps and divisions (including AA artillery) will increase according to the plan:

Item/Cannons/Light howitzers/Heavy Howitzers/ Total guns

Available in 1937/4434/1 320/1056/6 810

There will be in 1940/4 284/2 624/1 992/ 8 900

In addition, the following measures are taken in 1938 to augment fortified regions

a)Additional 2 separate machineguns battalions are formed and each of 30 machinegun battalions is reinforced with a machinegun company.

b)Machinegun battalions are detached from the rifle divisions of the Barabash Fortified Region and HQs of the Barabash and Potavskoye Fortified Regions are formed.

By the end of 1939 in the garrisons of the fortified regions in the peacetime there will be:

Machineguns battalions (excluding machinegun battalions of fortified regions’ rifle divisions) - 26

Separate artillery battalions – 11

Caponnier artillery platoons – 174

totaling:

Machineguns (without machinegun battalions of fortified region rifle divisions) – 3 010

Field guns (without rifle divisions’ guns) – 99

Caponnier guns – 348

The overall increase of the fortified regions garrison personnel will be 4 730 in the peacetime, which brings the strength of the fortified regions (without divisions and coastal defense) to 25 670 men.

Thus the personnel strength of rifle troops (including fortified regions and airborne brigades) according to the plan grows in the peacetime from 636 940 (by 1.1.1938) to 744 569 (by 1.1.1941), i.e. by 107 629 men.

c) Mobilization of rifle forces in wartime

Upon RKKA mobilization instead of 150 rifle division according to the present mobilizational plan 170 divisions will be mobilized, of them:

In the West – 138 rifle divisions

Ordinary formation divisions – 42

Triple formation divisions – 96

In the East 32 rifle divisions

Ordinary divisions – 20

Triple divisions – 12

The wartime personnel strength of the divisions will be as follows:

Rifle division (instead of 13 000 men for existing divisions) 17 000 men

Mountain rifle division (instead of 13 000 men for existing divisions) 9 700 men.

The number of rifle corps created upon mobilization – 45, and additional 7 will be formed in the first half-year of the war.

The number of guns in rifle corps and divisions (including AA artillery) increases:

Item/Cannons/light Howitzers/Heavy Howitzers/ Total guns

The present mobilizational plan (150 divisions)/6 380/ 2 280/ 1 795/ 10 455

There will be according the plan of 1940 (170 divisions)/8 416/ 4 696/ 3 558/ 16 670

In fortified regions upon mobilization the number of machinegun battalions (including battalions of rifle divisions) is brought from 34 to 71 in the West and from 20 to 26 in the East, which ensures occupation of all defensive constructions by machinegun crews.

Of the overall number of 97 machinegun battalions, in 45 machinegun battalions supply of transport means is contemplated in order to use them for maneuvering with field troops.

In wartime garrisons of fortified regions, including rifle divisions’ machi

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Part II:

B. The cavalry.

a) Peacetime composition of the cavalry by 1.1.1938.

In peace time (by 1.1.1938) the cavalry consists of 32 cavalry divisions (of them 5 mountain and 3 territorial), 2 separate cavalry brigades, one separate and 8 replacement cavalry regiments and 7 HQs of cavalry corps.

Peacetime strength of the cavalry by 1.1.1938 – 195 690 men.

b) Organizational changes in cavalry in 1938-42.

In 1938:

a) The number of cavalry divisions is supposed to be reduced by 7 (from 32 down to 25), disbanding 7 cavalry divisions and using their cadres to bring to strength remaining divisions and to strengthen mechanized forces and artillery.

b) Two cavalry corps HQs are disbanded.

c) Two replacement cavalry regiments are disbanded.

d) One antiaircraft artillery battalion (425 men) is formed in each of 3 cavalry corps.

e) The authorized strength of cavalry division is reduced from 6 600 to 5 900.

f) Cavalry divisions of the Special Red-Banner Far East Army are preserved in enforced composition (6 800 men). The strength of mountain divisions will be 2 620.

After the end of the reorganization the peacetime cavalry will have:

Cavalry corps HQs with special troops - 5;

Regular cavalry divisions – regular – 18;

Mountain cavalry divisions – 5;

Cossack cavalry divisions (territorial with 2 465 men) – 2;

Separate cavalry brigades (1155 men) – 2;

Separate cavalry regiments (1200 men) – 1;

Replacement cavalry regiments (720 men) (their organization provides for forming divisions from part of them) – 6;

The peacetime strength of cavalry is reduced by 57 130 and will be equal to 138 560;

c) The cavalry in wartime.

In wartime the cavalry will have: standard cavalry divisions formed from existing in peace time – 20 and from 4 replacement regiments – 4 cavalry divisions and total – 24 instead of 27; mountain cavalry divisions – 5 (according to the present mobilizational plan 5 too); separate cavalry brigades – 2 (according to the present mobilizational plan 2).

The strength of the cavalry division will be:

a) Standard 7400 men,

b) Mountain 5570 men.

The strength of the cavalry brigade in wartime – 3 057 men.

In all in wartime the cavalry will have 255 300 men.

C. The tank forces.

a) In peace time (by 1.1.38) there are:

Light (mechanized) tank brigades - 25

Heavy tank brigades of GHQ reserve – 4

Total: 29

Replacement tank brigades 3

Total tank brigades: 32

Auto-armored brigades 2

Auto-armored regiments 1

Motorized rifle brigades 3

HQs of tank (mechanized) corps 4

Total tank in aforementioned units – 4 950, of them in the OKDVA 1058.

The peacetime strength of tank forces (by 1.1.1938) is equal to 90 880.

b) Organizational changes in the tank forces in 1938-42

According to the plan of Red Army development there will be 20 tank brigades in peace time.

In order not to scatter tanks by small units only one tank company remains in the rifle divisions as it was already said. The remaining tanks from existing tank battalions of rifle divisions and tanks from mountain rifle and mountain cavalry divisions are combined into 7 GHQ reserve tank regiments: 5 with 1050 men and two (Central-Asian and Transcauacasian Military Districts) with 425 men.

The existing 3 replacement tank brigades are renamed replacement tank regiments. One additional replacement regiment is formed, total there will be 4 tank regiments each with 1050 men.

Apart from this, there will be 9 heavy tank brigades of GHQ reserve (T-28s and T-35s) instead of existing 4.

Of 20 light tank brigades 8 BT brigades will be combined into 4 tank corps, 6 BT and 6 T-26 brigades remain separate. Light tank brigades beginning from 1938 will be turned to tank platoons consisting of 5 tanks, their tank strength increases from 157 to 278 tanks (by 121 tank in a brigade).

GHQ reserve and replacement tank regiments will have 110 T-26s tanks.

Conversion to this organization will be completed by the end of 1938.

Heavy tank brigades will have:

T-28 brigade – 183 tanks (136 T-28s, 37 BTs, 10 chemical)

T-35 brigade – 148 tanks (94 T-35s, 44 BTs, 10 chemical)

The reorganization of heavy tank brigades is conducted in 1938-41.

In addition to existing 3 motorized rifle brigades another one is formed (to have a brigade for each of 4 tank corps).

After the end of reorganization the peacetime establishment will include:

BTs light tank brigades – 14;

T-26s light tank brigades – 6;

GHQ reserve T-28s and T-35s tank brigades- 9;

Total tank brigades – 29;

Separate T-26s GHQ reserve and replacement tank regiments – 11;

Total tank units – 32;

Motorized rifle brigades – 4;

Auto-armored brigades – 3;

HQs of tank corps – 4;

The peacetime strength of principal tank units will be:

Tank corps (3 brigades, of them one motorized rifle) – 6650 men, combat tanks – 560, training tanks – 98;

Light tank brigade – 2650 men, 278 combat tanks, 49 training tanks;

GHQ reserve light tank regiment – 1050 men, 267 combat tanks, 36 training tanks;

Replacement light tank regiment 1050 men, 190 combat tanks, 110 training tanks;

T-28s heavy tank brigade 1875 men, 183 combat tanks, 27 training tanks;

T-35s heavy tank brigade 1760 men, 148 combat tanks, 24 training tanks;

Motorized rifle-machinegun brigade – 1000 men;

The peacetime strength of the tank forces increases from 90 880 (by 1.1.1938) to 95 886 (by 1.1.1943), i.e. by 4 986 men.

c) Wartime organization.

In wartime the tank regiments of Central-Asian and Transcaucasian Military districts are converted into light tank brigades and the number of first line tank units will constitute:

Light tank brigades – 31;

Heavy GHQ reserve brigades – 9;

Total – 40;

Motorized rifle-machinegun brigades -4;

Auto-armored brigades -3;

Corps HQ -4;

In 1938 due to lack of vehicles instead of 40 only 32 tank brigades will be active, of them 4 heavy.

The strength of principal tank units will be:

Tank corps – 12 710 men, 560 tanks;

BTs light tank brigade 4 356 men, 278 tanks;

T-26s light tank brigade 3296 men, 267 tanks;

T-28s heavy tank brigade – 3 884 men, 183 tanks;

T-35 heavy tank brigade – 3 435 men, 148 tanks;

Motorized rifle-machinegun brigade – 3500 men.

In all first-line tank troops will have by 1.1.1943 9572 tanks in wartime, by 1.1.39 they will have 8 009 tanks.

Apart from this combat troops of other branches will have in wartime (by 1.1.1943)

In rifle troops – 160 separate tank battalions (with two companies), 5700 tanks, of them 3200 T-38s,

in cavalry – 24 tank regiments – 1200 tanks,

In chemical troops – 3 chemical brigades and 4 tank battalions, 919 tanks.

In all in combat composition of the RKKA there will be 17 391 line tanks in first-line units by 1943 versus 11 300 on 15th October 1937. In 1938 according to the wartime establishment there will be 15 613 line tanks in first-line units.

As a result of reorganization the wartime strength of GHQ Reserve tank forces will be increased (by 1.1.1943) by 55 550 men and will amount to 208 700 men.

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Part III

D. GHQ Reserve artillery

a) The peacetime composition of the GHQ reserve artillery by 1.1.1938:

The GHQ reserve artillery has in peacetime (by 1.1.1938) 23 artillery regiments, including:

Item/Regiments/Guns

Howitzer artillery regiments (152-mm mod. 09/30)/8/320

Cannon artillery regiments (107-, 122- and 152-mm)/3/126

High power howitzer artillery regiments (203-mm)/3/88

High power cannon artillery regiments (152-mm)/1/24

Mixed and corps-type artillery regiments (107- and 122-mm cannons, 122-, 152- and 203-mm howitzers)/6/195

Special power howitzer artillery regiments (234-, 280-, 305-mm howitzers)/2/25

Total regiments/23/768

The overall peacetime strength of the GHQ artillery (by 1.1.1938) is 34 160 men, 768 guns.

c) Organizational changes in GHQ artillery in 1938-42:

Reorganization of artillery consists of rearmament of mixed corps-type regiments, formation of a new regiment, rearmament of GHQ regiments with modern and larger caliber pieces and also of transition to triple formation at mobilization.

After reorganization in peacetime there will be

Item/artillery regiments/Guns

Howitzer (152-mm mod.09/30)/9/486

Cannon (122-mm guns and 152-mm howitzers mod. 34/36)/6/324

High power howitzer (203-mm)/6/160

High power cannon (152-mm)/1/24

Special Power howitzers (234-, 280-, 305-mm)/2/35

Total/24/1 029

The peacetime personnel strength of the GHQ artillery will grow by 9 000 men, which brings the overall strength to 43 160 men and 1 029 guns.

c) Mobilization of the GHQ artillery in wartime:

The composition of the GHQ artillery described above will ensure formation upon mobilization 54 regiments instead of 41 according to the present mobilizational plan, of them:

Item/artillery regiments/Guns

Howitzer regiments (152-mm mod.09/30)/22/1 200

Cannon regiments (122-mm guns and 152-mm howitzers mod. 34/36)/15/720

High power howitzer regiments (203-mm)/15/360

High power cannon regiments (152-mm)/2/48

Special Power howitzers battalions (234-, 280-, 305-mm)/13/81

Total/54 regiments, 13 battalions/2 409

The number of artillery peaces equals to (1st mobilization echelon)

On 1.1.1938:

Peacetime - 172 heavy cannons, 596 heavy howitzers, total 768 guns

War-time – 306 heavy cannons, 1 086 heavy howitzers, total 1 392 guns

In 1939-40:

Peacetime – 192 heavy cannons, 8 37 heavy howitzers, total 1 029 guns

War-time – 408 heavy cannons, 2 001 heavy howitzers, total 2 409 guns

The whole RKKA’s artillery of 76-mm and higher caliber (including organic and tank guns, but without AA guns) will total

Item/By 1942/Present mobilizational plan

Total guns/ 18 808/13 504

Including:

Light/11 925/9 101

Heavy/6 883/ 3 953

Of them:

Howitzers/10 373/ 5 449

Guns/8 435/ 7 605

The ratio of heavy to light guns will be 1:1,7 instead of 1:2,3 in the present time

The ratio of howitzers to guns – 1:0,8 instead of 1:1,4

In addition, on 44 armor trains there will be 158 guns, of them 5 heavy.

The overall wartime personnel strength of the GHQ artillery without replacement units will be 176 500 men instead of 109 200 men according to the present mobilizational plan.

D. Air defense

a) Composition of air defense forces in peace time.

In peace time air defense of big cities: Leningrad, Moscow, Baku, Kiev, Minsk consists of AA artillery regiments – 12 with 720 76-mm guns, searchlight regiments and battalions – 8 with 603 searchlights, AA machinegun regiments – 4 with 270 AA machineguns, balloons – 477.

The defense of other points (Smolensk, Velikiye Luki, Gomel, Polotsk, Karachev, Zaporozhye and others) comprises 6 regiments and 16 separate AA battalions – 282 76-mm guns.

The GHQ reserve AA artillery has 2 artillery regiments and 6 separate AA artillery battalions, 162 76-mm guns.

The overall personnel strength of the Air Defense forces in peace time is 45 280 men.

b) Organizational changes in the Air Defense forces in 1938-42.

The USSR government decree #59ss of 17.07.1937 has approved the program for reorganization and strengthening air defense of big cities.

The plan provides for:

1. Carrying out the governmental decree on big cities’ air defense.

2. Forming 3 new AA artillery battalions of cavalry corps.

3. Forming 12 AA artillery battalions, each with 12 guns.

As a result of implementation of measures contemplated in the plan, the Air Defense means of big cities will consist of (by 1.1.1943):

Leningrad – 360 76-mm guns, 108 37-mm guns, 648 searchlights, 108 AA machineguns, 1 188 balloons.

Moscow– 300 76-mm guns, 90 37-mm guns, 588 searchlights, 648 balloons.

Baku – 300 76-mm guns, 90 37-mm guns, 444 searchlights, 108 balloons.

Kiev – 204 76-mm guns, 54 37-mm guns, 324 searchlights, 108 AA machineguns, 324 balloons.

Minsk – 60 76-mm guns, 18 37-mm guns, 60 searchlights, 108 balloons.

Total – 1 224 76-mm guns, 360 37-mm guns, 2 064 AA machineguns, 2 376 baloons.

The defense of other points (Smolensk, Velikiye Luki, Gomel, Polotsk, Karachev, Zaporozye) will consists of: PVO regiments – 6, 76-mm guns – 144, PVO battalions - 16, 76-mm AA guns – 192.

In GHQ AA artillery there will be: GHQ AA artillery battalions – 9, 76-mm guns – 108.

The peacetime personnel strength of PVO (Air Defense) forces (without fighter air units) will increase by 26 801, which makes 72 081 men by 1.1.1943.

c) Mobilization of the Air Defense in wartime.

Item/By 1942/According to the existing mobilizational plan

AA and PVO regiments/26/18

Separate AA and PVO battalions/80/43

Separate batteries/60/-

Searchlight regiments/10/4

In addition, in combined-arms units (as soon as deliveries from the industry will permit) will be formed:

AA battalion of rifle corps (each with 12 76-mm guns) – 45

Mixed AA battalions of rifle corps (12 76-mm and 6 37-mm guns) – 5

Mixed AA battalions of rifle divisions [in original “corps”] (each with 4 76-mm and 8 37-mm guns) – 160

AA battalions of air forces (each with 12 76-mm guns) – 31

The overall number of AA guns provided by the RKKA development plans will be:

76-mm AA guns: In combined-arms units – 1 240, air forces – 372, GHQ reserve – 1 008, static defense – 1 560, stores – 240, coastal defense – 784, total – 5 204, according to the plans of 1937 – 2 060.

37-mm AA guns: in combined-arms units – 1 412 (*), static defense – 3 60, coastal defense – 100, total – 1 872, according to the plans of 1937 – 0.

* Including 42 37-mm guns of heavy tank brigades.

The overall strength of air defense in wartime after reorganization will be 277 400 men versus 142 100 according to the present plan.

E. GHQ chemical troops.

a)Composition of GHQ chemical troops in peacetime by 1.1.1938.

In peacetime we have 2 motorized divisions (one of them in process of formation), one tank chemical brigade, 2 separate chemical battalions and separate chemical companies.

The overall peacetime strength of chemical units – 9 370 men.

b) Organizational changes in chemical troops in 1938-42.

It is planned to carry out the following organizationalmeasures in 1938-40:

a) motorized chemical divisions and the mixed tank will be reorganized as tank chemical brigades of a unified type.

b) mixed chemical battalions will be reorganized as tank chemical battalions.

c) mortar regiments of motorized chemical divisions and separate mixed chemical companies will be reorganized as separate mortar battalions, detaching them from divisions.

Tank chemical brigades (2 580 men): total – 3, of them in the Far East – 1

Separate tank battalions (400 men): total 2, 1 in the Far East.

Separate mortar battalions (240men): total 4, 2 in the Far East.

The overall strength of chemical troops remains unchanged – 9 370 men.

c) Mobilization of chemical troops in wartime.

Wartime composition of GHQ chemical troops after reorganization will be:

Tank chemical brigades (4 090 men) – 3

Separate tank battalions (420 men) – 4

Separate mortar battalions (930 men) – 12

The overall

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II. Plan of development of the air forces.

a) Peacetime composition of the air forces

In peacetime the VVS RRKA have the following composition:

Heavy bomber brigades: West – 18, East – 6, total – 24;

Medium bomber brigades: West – 14, East – 4, total -18;

Mine-torpedo brigades: West – 0, East – 1, total -1;

Light bomber brigades: West – 5, East – 1, total -6;

Light ground attack brigades: West – 4, East – 6, total – 10;

Fighter brigades: West – 9, East – 5, total – 14;

Reconnaissance and mixed brigades: West – 3, East – 1, total – 4;

Total brigades: West – 53, East – 24, total – 77;

Aircraft: West – 6 762, East – 2 623, total – 9 385;

Including naval aviation: 3 heavy bomber, 2 medium bomber, 1 mine-torpedo, 1 light bomber, 2 fighter, total 9 brigades, 1 386 aircraft.

The peace-time strength of the air forces with schools on 1.1.1938 is 220 510 men, including 26 540 men in the naval aviation.

b) Organizational measures in 1938-42.

Along with further qualitative growth of the aviation, the plan of the VVS RKKA development contemplates rebuilding all air units, and rear services with the objective of increasing mobility and maneuverability of combat units.

The following organization of the VVS is planned: squadrons of all types of aviation except fighter will consist of 12 planes instead of 31-41 (light aviation) and 6 planes (heavy). Fighter squadrons – 15 planes each instead of 31.

All squadrons will be kept without rear and administrative staff.

Aviation brigades will have the following composition:

a) Heavy four-engine bomber (TB-3):

heavy bomber squadrons – 5,

fighter squadrons – 1,

total squadrons – 6, 76 aircraft, of them bombers – 61, fighters – 12.

b) heavy twin-engine bomber (DB-3):

heavy bomber squadrons – 5, 61 aircraft.

c) light bomber brigades:

squadrons – 5, aircraft – 63 in a single-engine, 61 – in a twin-engine brigade.

d) fighter brigades: fighter squadrons – 4, total 63 aircraft.

All aviation brigades will be kept without administrative staff.

The peacetime personnel strength will be set as follows:

Fighter brigades – 281 men;

Light single-engine bomber – 353;

Light twin-engine bomber – 487;

Heavy four-engine bomber – 812;

Heavy twin-engine bomber – 487.

All aviation brigades are supposed to be organized into aviation corps each with 2-4 brigades.

Total aviation corps – 39.

For maintenance and supply of brigades there will be aviation bases, one per each aviation garrison.

To maintain airfield construction works instead of 9 airfield construction battalions (of them 4 cadre) there will be 23 battalions with total 10 000 men.

The following program of the VVS RKKA development is contemplated:

In peacetime 150 aviation brigades, of them 17 naval. For this additional 73 brigade HQs are formed.

The number of aviation brigades and first-line aircraft in peacetime by years, taking into account constant substitute of obsolescent equipment will be:

Item/1937/1938/1939/1940/1941

Aviation brigades/77/132/137/150/150

Of them in the Far East/24/38/38/38/38

Aircraft/8816/8979/9159/9726/9726

Including:

a) for 2nd line formation/-/291/471/471471

b) in the Far East/2623/2864/2864/2864/2864

Apart from it:

Fighters in the big cities’ air defense/569/756/1071/1323/1323

Of the total number of 150 brigades we will have:

Land VVS:

Heavy brigades 30, of them:

four-engine (TB-3) 10

twin-engine (DB-3) 20

Light brigades 45, of them:

fast (SB) 25

light bomber 9

ground-attack 9

mixed 2

Fighter 58, of them

Bog cities’ air defense 21

Apart from it for training of reserve pilots there will be 6 replacement aviation brigades.

Naval air forces

Heavy brigades 5, of them:

four-engine (TB-3) 3

twin-engine (DB-3) 2

Light brigades 3, of them:

fast 2

light bomber 1

Mine-torpedo 2

Fighter 7

In 1938 the VVS RKKA will be completely converted to the new organizational structure.

c) Mobilization of the VVS RKKA in wartime

After the end of the reorganization of the VVS in wartime 188 aviation brigades with 13 000 aircraft will be mobilized in the first wave, including:

Cadre (existing in peacetime) 150 brigades – 10 589 aircraft.

Reserve (mobilized based on additional squadrons kept in peacetime at schools) – 38 brigades – 2 406 aircraft.

Of the total number of 150 cadre brigades in the Far East there will be 42 (including the Pacific Fleet).

In naval air forces – 17 brigades - 1 341 aircraft.

It is contemplated to mobilize additional 110 second-wave brigades during the first year of the war – 7 000 aircraft.

The total planned number of aircraft in the first year of the war – 20 000.

Combat composition of the VVS according to the plan of development is as follows:

a) Bomber of all types 5387 or 55,4% (of the front aircraft), of them in the Far East – 1 683 or 17,50%

b) fighters 3379, or 34,7% (of all front aircraft), of them in the Far East 912 or 9,5%

c) reconnaissance 960 or 9,9%, of them in the Far East 269 or 2,8%.

Total 9726 front aircraft (of them in the Far East 2864 or 29,8%), and in addition 1323 aircraft for defense of big cities in rear.

The peacetime personnel strength of the VVS by 1.1.1943 will be 241 142 men, increasing by 20 632 men. The wartime strength of the 1st wave VVS RKKA will be 80 000 men, including 37 000 in naval aviation.

III. Plan of the naval forces development.

The plan of the naval forces development is contemplated according to a special program, depending on making operational new ships.

In coastal defense rearming of already existing bases, defense of new and strengthening of air defense is contemplated.

In addition strengthening of land defense of Navy’s fortified regions is planned by means of creating fortified regions in harbors “Prepbrazhenie” and “Uspenie”, and also Murmansk and Izhora (Baltic Fleet) regiments.

The peacetime strength of naval forces according to the mobilization plan will increase by 61 430 men (excluding naval aviation and air defense).

IV. Peacetime strength of the RKKA

The peacetime strength of the RKKA on 1.1.38 with formations authorized by the government in 1937 is 1 592 000 men. In addition strengthening of forces in Mongolian People Republic and Transbaikal Military District accounts for 13 520 men. The overall strength of the RKKA on 1.1.1938 is 1 605 520. To carry out organizational measures planned for 1938 60 270 men will be needed. The strength of the RKKA by 1.1.39 will be 1 665 790 men.

V. Authorized strength of the RKKA in wartime.

According to the mobilizational plan of 1938 which will be in force in mid-1938 rifle divisions due to lack of equipment (small-caliber AA guns, light howitzers, antitank guns, heavy mortars and high-caliber machineguns) will be mobilized without units that require aforementioned weapons.

Rifle divisions formed at mobilization will have before 1939 horse-drawn rear units.

According to the mobilizational plan of 1938 there will be:

Rifle divisions of the new organization but without AA battalions, regimental mortars and high-caliber machineguns with the personnel strength of 16 000 (instead of 17 000 according to the TO&E) - 86;

Mountain rifle divisions of standard organization 9 700 men – 10;

Rifle divisions formed at mobilization with one artillery regiment, with one heavy howitzer battalion (instead of the howitzer regiment), without AA battalion, antitank battalion, regimental mortars and high-caliber machineguns, horse-drawn divisional rear units and with relsuting personnel strength of 15 000 men (instead of 17 000 according to the TO&E) – 74.

Total rifle divisions: 170.

In case of mobilization in summer 1938 of 170 rifle divisions 10 divisions due to lack of equipment will be mobilized only by M-30 (thirtieth day after the start of mobilization).

Owing to insufficient number of tank in 1938 tank units will have a shortfall of combat tanks: heavy (T-28 and T-35) – 124, ligh

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