[烛光生存狂]-【战史】空运荷兰-1940年[9.20更新，阑尾开始]

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http://www.bloggers.nl/Valkenburg1940

http://www.mei1940.nl/intro_valkenburg.htm

http://www.bhummel.dds.nl/gif/valkenburg.html

http://bbs.hqhot.com/thread-176829-1-7.html

http://www.historic.de/Home/home.html

第22空运师

http://www.waroverholland.nl/index.php?page=valkenburg

http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=54&t=153620

The IR 47 airborne operation on Valkenburg[法肯堡] 1940.

The outline of the German plan was to take the city of The Hague[海牙] by surprise and force the Government and Militairy supreme command to capitulate. In order to achieve that highly ambitious plan, large airlandings had been planned at Ypenburg[伊彭堡] AFB and Valkenburg AFB as well as a smaller landing at Ockenburg[奥肯堡] auxilary AFB hence the city would be encircled.

Valkenburg - close of Leiden - was designated to become one of the new prime Dutch airforce bases. It was near the village of Valkenburg that lay in between the two large cities The Hague and Leiden. The field had only been constructed recently (last year) and the pitch itself - what eventually was planned to be utilised by the heavier airplanes of the Dutch air force - was still too soft and swampy in May 1940.

The airfield had received its protective infantry force only on Apr 20 1940. It comprised two companies (around 300 men) and a section of heavy machineguns on and around the airfield. It were units of III./4RI. That force had been split in three groups: one defended the airfield itself, another the surroundings anf the third was at rest inside the hangars.

The Landing plan foreseen for Valkenburg on May 10 1940:

- 6/FSJR.2 (162 para’s)

- Stb IR 47 with Nachrichtenzug 47 and Aufklarungszug 47; Stab I/II and

III/IR 47 and Companies 1 to 12 and 14 (13 not present) (2502 airborne)

- Stb Aufklaungs Abteilung 22 + 1 platoon HMG’s (40 airborne)

- III and IV platoons Bicyclist Squadron (81 men)

- Pioniere Truppe of the Stb. Pioniere Battalion 22 (22 men)

- 3rd Co Pioniere Bat. 22, minus 1 platoon (132 men)

- Stb. I/AR 22 and 2nd and 3rd battery artillery (241 men)

- 2/Flak 31 (1 battery 20mm AAA) (133 men)

Total: 3313 men

德军在荷兰的空降行动被分为南北两个部分，北部目标为：占领荷兰首都海牙附近的伊彭堡，法肯堡和奥肯堡三处机场，进而配合机降到来的陆军第22空运师占领海牙，抓捕荷兰皇室，内阁和军队司令部高级将领。

法肯堡机场是德军所有在荷兰的空降目标中最靠北的一个，也是海牙周围的三个机场中最远的一个，原被作为荷兰空军的主要机场之一，位于海牙和莱登之间。它在1939年才开工兴建，目前才刚刚铺好沥青，由于沥青没干，所以它的跑道仍然非常湿软。但是德国情报部门忽略了这个重要信息，依然将其纳入了5月10日需要占领和使用的目标之列。

直到1940年4月20日，荷军得知德国人的西线进攻计划后才向法肯堡机场派出守备部队。包括两个步兵连和一个重机枪班（大约300人），他们都被部署在机场周围，这些荷军部队来自第4步兵团3营。兵力被分成三个部分，一部防守机场本身，一部部署在机场周围，另一部呆在机库里整备。

1940年5月10日，计划在法肯堡投入作战的德国部队战斗序列：

- 第2伞兵团6连 162名伞兵

- 第22空运师第47步兵团团部辖第47通讯排，第47侦察排

第47步兵团1、2、3营营部及1至12连和第14连（欠第13连） 2502名伞兵

- 第22侦察营营部+1重机枪排 40名伞兵

- 自行车中队第3、4排 81人

- 第22工兵营营部属工兵组 22人

- 第22工兵营第3连（欠一个排） 132人

- 第22炮兵团1营营部和第2、3炮兵连 241人

- 第31防空营2连（1个20毫米防空炮连） 133人

总计：3313人

Boarding the Ju-52

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特别提示：本帖子在 2009-6-26 23:42:44 由用户 412886049 编辑过

Aerodrome’s Defenses

At 04:10 hours had taken off the Ju-52 belonging to the KGzbV 172 carrying the men of 6./ FJR 2 (Oberleutnant Schirmer).

At 05:30 hours, had jumped the men of 3./ 6./ FJR 2 (Leutnant Teusen) landing on the southeast of the airfield; the company’s HQ and one squad of 2. Pl landed in the middle of the airfield and 1./ 6./ FJR 2 (Leutnant v. Plessen) landed north of it. The bulk of the 2./ 6./ FJR 2 (Oberleutnant Gunkelmann) was sent to Waalhaven.

04:10，隶属于第172特别轰炸机联队的52架Ju-52载着第3伞兵团6连（连长：Schirmer中尉）的官兵起飞了。

05:30，第2伞兵团6连3排（排长：Teusen少尉）降落在了机场的东南面，连部和2排的一个班降落在了机场中部，第2伞兵团6连1排（排长：Plessen少尉）落在了机场的北面。第6伞兵团6连2排（排长：Gunkelmann中尉）的其余兵力被送到了威尔哈文。

Drop zones - May 10 1940.

Airborne assault.......

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特别提示：本帖子在 2009-6-26 23:46:03 由用户 412886049 编辑过

At 04:50 hours took off from Lippstadt 53 Ju-52 of the KG.z.b.v.11, the first wave, with men of IR 47’s HQ, Signal Pl, Recce Pl, HQ of III./ IR 47 (Hauptmann Buhse) and its 9., 10. and 12. Companies under Oberst Heyser.

On May 10 1940, the airborne operation began……..

Already over Dutch soil began the antiaircraft fire and shortly afterwards at 06:20 hours the planes carrying the first wave dive to land on the airfield’s soft ground.

The fallschirmjäger's platoon in the north had made hardly any progress before the first wave of Ju-52 with the 9./IR.47 started to land on the airfield. The unloaded airborne-landing troops, who suffered from Dutch machinegun fire too, joint the parachutists and both forces managed to force a major part of the defences into surrender.

04:50，隶属于第11特别轰炸机联队的53架Ju-52从利普施塔特起飞。机上搭载着第47步兵团的第一波人员，包括：第47步兵团团部，通讯排，侦察排，第47步兵团3营营部和第9，10，12三个连。

进入荷兰领空后就开始遭受到地面防空炮火的袭击。06:20载着第一批部队的运输机开始降落在机场松软的跑道上了。

第一波飞机降落的时候，早先降落在北面的伞兵排一直被荷兰人压制着，寸补难行。当第47步兵团9连的士兵刚一踏出机门，就遭受到了荷军机枪的扫射。不过很快在两股部队取得联系后没多久就迫使了荷军主要防御带投降。

By 07:00 hours the objective had been taken.

Aerodrome’s aerial view.

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Covering the Regimental CP.

At 09:30 hours the Dutch units unleashed a heavy artillery fire on the airfield. However, then Germans could enlarge the aerial bridgehead towards Valkenburg seizing it; there was established the Regimental CP. Later Katwijk was taken also and some bridges were occupied there.

IR 47's OP - Valkenburg May 1940.

During the artillery barrage [0930 hrs], five Fokker C-V light bombers attacked the German troops and parked Ju-52's with 20 bombs, each of 25 kg . Shortly afterwards [1220 hrs] three Fokker C-X light strike planes strafed the rows of Ju-52 too.

09:30荷军向机场发起了一次炮击。不过，德国人还是完全占领了法肯堡机场，建立了团部。后攻占了卡特维吉克，同时一些桥梁也被占领。

在炮击时，5架Fokker C-V轻型轰炸机向停放着的Ju-52投掷了20枚炸弹，每枚炸弹重25公斤。12:203架 Fokker C-X轻型攻击机低空扫射了Ju-52。

In the back ground the burning Ju-52.

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At 11:50 hours, landed the second wave (39 Ju-52) comprising the II./ IR 47 HQ (Maj Timm) and its 5., 6. and 7. Companies; this flight had taken off at 09:38 hours. Around 26 planes landed on the road between Katwijk and Scheveningen.

At 13:45 hours Landed one antiaircraft company (heavy MGs), HQ and the radfahrschwadron (cyclist) of the AA 22.

At 15:56 hours Landed the I./ IR 47 HQ and its 1., 2. and 3. Companies together with the 11./ IR 47.

At 18:15 hours Landed the 8./ IR 47.

All in all around 932 or 982 German troops Landed in Valkenburg out of the planned 3313 men.

11:50，第2波飞机共39架飞机开始降落，人员包括：第47步兵团2营营部和5，6，7连。飞机是在09:38起飞的。其中大约有26架飞机降落在卡特维吉克和斯汶根之间的公路上。

13:45一个防空连（重机枪），第22侦察营营部和自行车部队着陆。

15:56第47步兵团1营营部和1，2，3连以及第11连着陆。

18:15第47步兵团第8连着陆。

计划中的3313人中大约只有932或982人着陆法肯堡机场。

A crash landed Ju-52 - Valkenburg May 1940

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特别提示：本帖子在 2009-6-15 17:07:27 由用户 白瑞德 编辑过

翻译的很不错啊

不过还是翻译成“高炮”要好些吧？

PS：可将中英文区分整理一下。

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【深谋远虑我猫总】

我是来拜神人的，顺便让懒惰的自己找到学习的榜样

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特别提示：本帖子在 2009-6-27 0:00:59 由用户 412886049 编辑过

After couterattacking without success during the morning, the III./ 4 RI under major Mallinckrodt pressed on again and around 17:00 hours could overcome all the resistence in the area reaching the airfield. It which was taken back by the Dutch around 19:00 hours. The German troops retreated towards Valkenburg (the town)

It was a hard day indeed and due to the heavy fighting some 154 dutch soldiers lost their lives, while 43 German were killed in action.

在经历了早晨失败的反击后，荷兰第４步兵团３营在Mallinckrodt少校的带领下于17:00再次向机场发起了进攻，成功的突破了德国人在机场周围的防御阵地，机场在大约19:00重新落入了荷兰人的手中。德国人被迫向法肯堡小城撤退。

在这天的血腥战斗中，一共造成了154名荷兰士兵和43名德国士兵死亡。

A town's view - Valkenburg May 1940

Another view - Valkenburg May 1940

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特别提示：本帖子在 2009-6-27 22:25:00 由用户 412886049 编辑过

11 May 1940.

The situation within the village was as follows, the Germans held about 300 Dutch prisoners in the village. These men had been gathered in a church in the centre of the village. In an emergency hospital, located in the school building, about 200 wounded soldiers [mostly Germans] were taken care of by both Dutch and German doctors. The village itself had not been evacuated.

In the meantime a cup of coffe .........

The Dutch forces were assembled in and around Katwijk［卡特维吉克］ with some elements located near Leiden ［莱顿］and Wassenaar［瓦塞纳尔］. Two artillery battalions were assigned as support. Lieutenant-Colonel Buurman 4 RI’s Commanding Officer, had received the mission of retaking Valkenburg but he had on hand only a tactical force of a little more than a company, a mere 200 men.

Nevertheless Buurman decided that some offensive action had to be developed. Buurman ordered a company-size force to enter Valkenburg from the north. One battery of 12 cm howitzers unleashed a brief creeping barrage, after which the men went forward reaching the northern outskirts of Valkenburg. When the spearhead had managed to reach the village centre it was suddenly fired upon by the 7,5 cm guns of 6. RA which had opened up totally unaware of the Dutch attack. The infantry men were forced to retreat

撤到村里后，德国人把大约300名荷军战俘集中关押在村中心的一座教堂里。在一所学校里建立了临时医院，大约200名受伤的士兵（大部分是德国人）接受着荷兰和德国医生的治疗。

一些在莱顿和瓦塞纳尔的荷军开始向卡特维吉克周围集结。二个炮兵连受命提供火力支援。第４步兵团团长Buurman中校接受的命令是夺回法肯堡，但是他现在手中可以投入战斗的兵力却不足200人。

尽管如此，Buurman还是决定组织攻势。命令部队从北面进入法肯堡，在荷军抵达了法肯堡北郊之后，一个120mm榴弹炮连提供火力支援。当前锋部队快要逼近村中心的时候，突然遭到不明真相的荷军第６炮兵团的75mm火炮的袭击。遭受了这次乌龙炮击后，步兵只能被迫撤回。

Oberleutnant Reimers..............

Oberleutnant Bünz………

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特别提示：本帖子在 2009-6-27 22:50:55 由用户 412886049 编辑过

11 May 1940.

In the late afternoon another assault on the village was planned; this time with the newly arrived 1st Battalion of 9.RI. The 9.RI assault would be directed along the Oude Rijn river, which ran north by northeast from Valkenburg to Katwijk. The attack was supported by three batteries of 12 cm howitzers.

Watching to the enemy - Valkenburg May 1940.

At 1800 hours the artillery opened up. The barrage crept through the northern outskirts of the village to the centre, where it caused plenty of destruction. The church in which the Dutch POW's had been assembled was hit by at least three grenades causing panic amongst the men. Meanwhile the infantry moved forward, but was soon forced to hit the deck for intensive German machinegun fire pinned them down. The attack stalled completely and after sunset the troops moved back to Valkenburg.

The destroyed church in Valkenburg - May 1940.

The Dutch lost 10 men KIA this day around Valkenburg, of which 6 men were killed as POW's inside the church in the village as a result of the own artillery. Three men of 9.RI had been killed during the action in the morning. The Germans lost 9 KIA in the village.

傍晚的时候对村庄的又一次攻击计划制定完毕，这次有刚赶到的第9步兵团第1营的助阵。第9步兵团的进攻将沿着从法肯堡流向卡特维吉克的Oude Rijn河（指向正北偏东北）进攻。这次攻击由3个120mm榴弹炮连负责支援。

The comrades' burial - Valkenburg 1940.

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