[烛光生存狂]-【卫国战争老兵回忆】伊万·科贝兹

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2018-9-5 13:50:37 由用户 白瑞德 编辑过

The events described here took place in 1941-early 1942 when the 19th Army was operating in the Kandalaksha sector of the Karelian Front.

卡累利阿方面军第19集团军第596独立步兵团第一营侦察排少尉排长

伊万-科贝兹,1941年

Episode 1.

回忆一

My military life, from the first days of the war, began with taking command of the "Hunters" platoon of the 1st Battalion, 596th Rifle Reg., which was formed after the first two weeks into the war. The platoon was constantly in action, pursuing various objectives, but its primary function was the reconnaissance for the battalion and the regiment. In the first months of the war, our battalion was given specific sectors, beginning with the Kuolayarvi area on the state border, then Kajrala, then north of Alakurtti. Only when the Verman defense line was established, we began operating within the regiment.

我在战争开始的时候任第596步兵团第一营侦察排排长，这个团在战争爆发后两个星期才组建起来，我的排经常执行各种各样的任务，不过主要还是为团和营执行侦察任务。在战争爆发后的第一个月，我们营被派到指定地区，最初在靠近边界的阔拉雅维(Kuolayarvi)地区，然后是Kahrala,再后来是阿拉库提北部(Alakurtti)。等构成了沃尔曼(Verman)防线后，我们才开始和团一起行动。

In mid-August, because of the difficult situation in the area east of Kajrala, units of the 104th and 122nd Rifle Divisions received orders to fall back and retreated to the transitory defense line near Alakurtti. Our 1st Battalion left Ungojvanselka Mt. and reached Ienikuvaara Mt. at the end of the day. At that same time, we lost communication with the regiment commander. The battalion was under command of recently assigned First Lieutenant Pavel Gavrilovich Danilov, a weathered, reasonable and meticulous officer. A little later, he became the commander of the 596th Rifle Reg.

在八月中旬，因为Kajrala东部地区形势恶化，第104和122步兵师接到命令撤退到阿拉库提附近的临时防线。我们第一营也离开Ungojvanselka山并于当天傍晚抵达Ienikuvaara山。可是我们和团长失去了联系，当时营里的指挥员是刚提升的中尉保尔·加夫里洛维奇·达尼洛夫(Pavel Gavrilovich Danilov)，一个乐观、讲道理、细心的军官。后来，他成为596团的团长。

Under the circumstances, we desperately needed to establish communication with the regiment's command and receive objectives for further actions. While on the top of Ienikuvaara Mt., I was ordered to locate the regiment's command center by morning and clarify the battalion's further objectives. I was shown the direction on the map in which to search for the regiment's command. This was not an easy task because the enemy units already operated in the area and we could make sudden contact anytime. There was no time for contemplation and I had to set out on my mission as soon as possible. Having gathered my men, whom there were 12, I made the mission plan clear to them. I must say that the men were exhausted by preceding fights and suffered from malnutrition - the adversary took a part of the road Alakurtti-Kajrala and interrupted our supplies.

在这种情况下，我们只能尽快取得与团部的联系并获取下一步行动的指示。在Ienikuvaara 山顶，我接到命令在天亮以前抵达团部并且获得下一步的命令。在地图上他指给我看团部可能在的位置。这是一个很困难的任务因为敌人已经开始在那些地区活动，我们随时都会与他们相遇。可是没有时间去想了，我必须尽可能去完成任务。我召集起来我的人，还有12个人，我把任务计划明白地讲给他们听，我必须说我的人由于前期的艰苦作战和饥饿已经疲惫不堪，敌人占领了Alakurtti-Kajrala公路并且切断了我们的后勤给养输送道路。

Leaving on the mission, we warned our guys that we'll be coming back the same route and started our descent along a clearing in the woods. The night was dark and quiet, we proceeded slowly and carefully. We had to stop often, pay attention to every rattle and rustle. When hearing curt German phrases, we veered aside and continued moving in the right direction. My scouts kept nearby so that quiet commands could be heard by everyone. We carried on that way until dawn. In the early morning, we came across the regiment's men - those were signalers, three of them. When I asked where was the headquarters, they pointed the direction and told me to take the right turn after 300-400 meters.

带着任务我们出发了，我告诉我们自己人我们一定会沿着同一条道路返回，然后我们沿着一个空旷的山坡下山。夜晚很黑并且安静，我们小心翼翼地慢慢移动，一路上经常停下注意聆听每一个细小的声音。每当我们听见德国人说话，我们会悄悄改变方向沿着正确的道路绕道行进。侦察兵们散布在我周围以便我能听到每个人。我们这样潜行到黎明时分，终于遇到了团里的人——他们是通信兵，三个人，我问他们团部在哪，他们指了方向并且告诉我向右转300或400米就到了。

Luckily, we made it very quick to the staff location where I went to see the regiment commander. The meeting was beyond description as they had been much worried about the absence of communication with the 1st Battalion for so long. While they prepared the documentation for the battalion commander, we rested from the night trek. When the package was ready, we took off. We hurried lest we be too late, and there wasn't much time. It was easier to walk in the morning, yet it was more dangerous. The sun was up and it was nice to feel the warmth of the sunshine. The nights beyond the Arctic Circle at that time of year can be cool. While walking and crossing patches of ample berries, we grabbed handfuls and ravenously put them in our mouths to quench the hunger.

很幸运，我们很快找到了指挥所，我去见了团长。他们也在为第一营的下落而担忧，为此开了整整一夜的会。在他们准备给营长的命令文件时，我们抓紧时间休息了一会。当文件准备好时，我们立即出发。我们之所以这么匆忙是因为我们担心已经太晚，因为没有时间了，在早晨走路虽然容易多了，但是也多了更多的危险。太阳升起来了，阳光照在身上很暖和，在北极圈里这个时候夜晚还很冷。时而经过或者穿过一小片灌木丛时，我们会抓一小撮浆果塞进嘴里缓解一下饥饿感。

一名被抓的"舌头". 卡累利阿方面军

We were approaching the battalion's location - only 300-400 meters of thinly wooded ground was left to cross. We were filled with joy and satisfaction over the mission completed on time. All of a sudden, bursts of a submachine gun roared ahead of us and I saw one of the front scouts running to me. He reported that there were Germans in 30-40 meters ahead of us. Our front group was shot at and one of the scouts was killed. I was so overwhelmed by this, one can hardly imagine. I could expect a sudden encounter with the Germans anywhere else but here, where our battalion just was.

我们快到营阵地的时候，大概只剩下300或400米低矮的树林就到了。我们互相会意地笑了，对这次任务能及时完成感到很满意。就在这时，突然从我们前面响起来冲锋枪的射击声，我看见我们的一个尖兵跑向我，他报告说前面30到40米处有德国人，我们的尖兵小组遭到射击，一个侦察兵牺牲了。我很震惊，刚开始几乎不能思考。我根本没想到会在这里与德国人突然遭遇——就在我们营阵地的旁边。

We had no idea of the enemy numbers nor their positions. One thing was clear, they turned up here during the night, while we were gone. In such a situation, one needs to act quickly and unfalteringly, there's no time to think long. Intuitively, I decided to charge at once, break through the enemy lines and force our way toward the battalion as quickly as possible. There were no other options, we had no time for any other course of action. Only several seconds passed; I looked up at my scouts and saw them reading my mind - we rushed into attack. Everybody dashed in a some kind of frenzy, shouting "Hurrah!", throwing hand grenades and firing on the run, soon we were past their frontline. Everything happed so quickly that the adversary could not even understand what was happening and why there was an attack from their behind. And we had been in their rear, for their frontline was facing our battalion. And then, something totally unbelievable and unpredictable ensued: from the top of the mountain, where the battalion was, machine gun fire began, so powerful as we couldn't raise our heads. We just found ourselves in a crossfire.

我们不知道敌人的数量和他们的位置。只有一件事情很清楚，他们在夜晚来到这里，就在我们经过这里后。在这种情况下，需要当机立断并且毫不迟疑。没有时间去思索，我马上决定突破敌人的战线，强行打开一条通向我们营的通道并且尽可能快地抵达自己人那边。没有其他选择，我们也没有时间去准备其他方案。这大约只有几秒钟，我看了看周围我的人，感觉到他们也能看懂我的意思——我们开始冲锋，每个人用足了力气猛跑，口里喊着“乌拉！”同时扔出手榴弹并且边跑边射击，就这样我们冲过了德国人的散兵线。所有的事情发生的那么突然，敌人根本没搞明白发生了什么事情：为什么袭击发生在身后？我们把德国人抛在后面，面对着自己人的阵地猛跑，可是有些事情根本无法预料也难以令人置信。近接着：从山顶上，也就是我们营的方向，开始有机关枪射击，打的我们根本无法抬头，这时我们发现我们是在一个交叉火力网中。

Our guys pounded from the top, the enemy - from below. For a moment, the Germans slowed down. They may have been utterly confused, why the Russians are shooting at their own. In this horrible situation, something had to be done as I started losing people. From the bottom of my lungs, I yelled to our machine gunners to cease fire. It is still before my eyes, as one of my scouts, a brawny, tall Muscovite named Volkov, who was by me, suddenly moaned and whispered that he was wounded in the hip. I ordered him to stay put and lower himself as much as possible, - that same moment I saw blood trickling from his left temple. Suddenly, the fire stopped, they must have heard me yelling and that made things easier. Immediately, I command the scouts "Charge ahead!" Some crawling, some crouching, we began moving toward the battalion. The bushes helped us part with the pursuing enemy.

我们自己人从上面打，敌人则从下面。过了一会，德国人的火力渐渐弱了，他们可能有点迷惑：为什么俄国人打自己人呢？在这个可怕的形势下，我的人开始出现伤亡。我用尽力气从肺里对着我们自己的机枪手喊叫着让他们停止射击。就在我眼前，我的侦察兵中的一个，一个高个子的棒小伙，叫沃尔霍夫(Volkov)，他紧挨着我，突然开始呻吟起来，他轻声告诉我他的屁股受伤了。我命令他趴下别动，尽可能压低身子。这时我看见鲜血从他左肩膀上流下来。突然，射击停止了，他们一定是听见了我的叫喊声。后面的事情就容易了，我命令侦察兵们：“继续前进!”有的人匍匐前进，有的人蹲着走，我们慢慢靠近了自己人，低矮的灌木掩护了我们不被后面的德国人追踪。

I was still extremely shocked by these events but gradually recovered and reported to the battalion commander. It turned out, the thing I feared most happened. The unit posted at the entry point was changed with another, and the replacement was not told about our return. As a result, three of my men were killed and two wounded. In that fight, one bullet made a hole in my cap and another torn apart the half-belt on the back of my greatcoat. Indeed, I was pressing to the ground so hard that had I been only a centimeter higher, I would have been dead.

我对这件事情大为震动，到了自己前线半天都没反映过来，然后我向营长做了报告，造成这件事情的原因是接替前线警卫任务的人没有接到我们要返回的指示。就因为这，我的三个人牺牲了，还有两人负伤。一颗子弹把我的帽子穿了个洞，还有颗子弹把我军大衣的后背撕开了一个大口子。我当时紧紧地趴在地上，假如我再高那么一厘米，恐怕我已经死了。

We buried our dead comrades at the top of the mountain and put three large rocks on their graves.

我们在山顶埋葬了牺牲的战友并且放了三块大石头在他们的墓地上。

Upon our return, the enemy was suppressed with strong mortar fire. The battalion quickly assembled and operated on orders from the regiment commander. My platoon and I remained at the mountain foot to catch up on rest after the last night's trip. Everybody quickly fell asleep. Half an hour later we rose and saw a wide track left in dewy grass by the leaving battalion. We followed the trail toward the Nurmijoki river until it was time to cross the road already controlled by the adversary.The sky was cloudless, the sun in the high noon.

在我们返回后，敌人被我们的迫击炮火压制住，营很快被集合起来并且执行了团长的命令。我们排和我被留在山脚下休息，我们每个人忙碌了一夜很快都睡着了。一个半小时后我们醒来，发现草地上全营官兵列队撤退走过的明显的痕迹。我们跟着这些脚印一直到了Nurmijoki河并且按时穿过了已经被敌人占领的公路。那天万里无云，日当正午。

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2018-9-5 13:51:20 由用户 白瑞德 编辑过

Episode 2.

回忆二

In early September 1941, after heavy fights on the Kajrala and Alakurtti lines, the 122nd and 104th divisions retreated to the Verman defense line and stopped the enemy; the Germans never got past this point. The 596th Rifle Regiment was first deployed to the east of the Sredni Verman river but didn't remain there long. In the second half of September, the regiment took position on Lake Verman and the Nizhni Verman river, its left flank touching Lake Tolvand.

1941年9月初，在Kajrala和Alakurtti一线激战后，第122和104步兵师向Verman防线撤退并且在那里顶住了敌人；德国人再没有向前推进一步。第596步兵团开始被布置在Sredni Verman河东部，但我们在那时间不长，在9月下旬，团被调到Verman湖和Nizhni Verman河之间，左边紧靠着Tolvand湖。

Both our forces and the adversary continued fortifying their positions. Our command needed information on the enemy, its formation and numbers on the opposite side. The regiment staff commander, Captain N.M. Butov, called me in and read out the mission objective: as night fell, we were to infiltrate the enemy lines north of Lake Nizhni Verman and obtain a "talkie" - an enemy's serviceman to be brought back and interrogated. There was very little time for preparations; in whatever time I had, I could only make clear the mission to my scouts, pick people and equip them. Only nine men were selected for the mission. A group this small could easier penetrate the enemy lines and remain undetected while operating. There were very experienced scouts in the group, those who had done many similar missions before. These were Sgt. Semenov, Priv. Ozerov, etc. Though there were some inexperienced people, too, selected from the regiment's new arrivals.

我们和敌人都不断加强防御工事。我们的指挥员需要敌人的信息，对手的编制和数量等等。团参谋长，N M 巴托夫上尉(N.M. Butov)把我叫去并且宣读了一份命令：入夜后，我们要渗透到Nizhni Verman湖敌人阵地上并且抓一个舌头——一个敌人，然后带回来审讯。只有很短的时间去准备，大凡类似这样的情况，我只能把任务明白无误地告诉我的侦察兵们，然后挑选人员检查装备。为这个任务我只挑了9个人，一个小分队更容易渗透敌人的防线并且在抓捕时不易被察觉。在我们排有经验丰富的侦察兵，以前他们已经参加过多次类似任务，象西蒙诺夫中士，列兵奥兹洛夫等。我也挑了几个没有经验的人，从团里刚分过来的新兵中选的。

I remember how everyone was yearning for rest, catching up on sleep after our routine duties. In this case, we weren't given any specifics as far as the subject goes, we simply had to go and seek. This made the mission more complicated as we had to search in the unknown terrain, knowing nothing the adversary. Their front line already had minefields and barbed-wire obstacles. The terrain was wooded, with large boulders, up to 1.5 m high, scattered here and there. Right before the frontline, there was the shallow Sredni Verman river, 8-10 meters wide. As the night fell, we took off. As we approached the river, we saw several logs thrown across by somebody. That's where the unfortunate event took place which caused a delay. When crossing the river over the logs, Private Rybin slipped and fell into the water. At first, I wanted to send him back but he begged to come along. I gave in and, after a short pause, we crawled past their outposts and headed deep inside. Lest nobody get lost in the dark, we moved very slowly, not in a single file like in the daytime, but in a compact pack, so that everybody could hear my hushed commands.

我记得那时大家都盼望休息，每次执行完任务倒头就睡。在这次任务中，我们没有被指定去一个特定的地区，只需要简单地去然后抓一个回来。这使任务更复杂，因为我们要去搜索一个陌生的地区。那片地区我们从没去过。敌人的前线已经布上了地雷，拉起了铁丝网。目标区是个森林，到处散布了1.5米高的大石块。在前线前面右侧，是8到10米宽的浅浅的Sredni Verman河。夜晚，我们出发了，我首先到河边，看见以前有人有几根木头横在河上，任何延误都会误事。当我们沿着原木穿过河流的时候，列兵鲁宾(Rybin)滑了一跤跌进了河里。开始的时候，我想把他送回去，可是他坚决要求继续前进。我短暂考虑了一下同意了，我们头埋的低低的爬行到敌人的前哨附近，为了防备在黑暗中有人丢失，所以我们移动的很慢，我们没有象白天那样排成单行纵列前进，而是紧紧地聚在一起，这样每个人都能听见我轻声下达的命令。

In 500-600 meters after the frontline, we suddenly hit a barbed-wire fence and set off the garlands of tin cans hanging on the wire; a machine gun burst immediately followed in our direction and we even got lit by it. The group leapt aside and we were lucky that nobody was lost in the darkness. Fearing pursuit, we ran to a safer place. The incident made me think hard - we were detected and shot at and the enemy was now alarmed. Going back was impossible. Hence, the only option was to remain where we were until dawn and, by observing and moving deeper inside, identify a target. During the following night, we were to attack and acquire the "talkie". The rest of the group supported me.

在敌人前哨后方500到600米，我们突然碰到了一道铁丝网，上面吊着许多罐头盒。一挺机枪马上向我们方向猛烈射击，我们甚至能看见它枪口上的火焰。小分队马上转移，很幸运，黑暗中没有一个人丢失。由于担心有追击，我们跑到一个相对安全的地方。这件事更让我为难——我们已经被发现并且敌人的射击是一个警告。回去是不可能的。唯一的选择是继续隐蔽在敌人后方直到天亮，因此我们必须向敌人后方再深入些，识别出一个目标，然后在下一个夜晚，去抓一个舌头。小分队的其他人都同意我的意见。

It was a quiet and bright morning, short bursts and single shots could be heard from the frontline. We hid in a small brush on top of a butte. The sound of an axe and somebody speaking German was heard from 200-300 meters away. I made myself comfortable and tried to determine our position on the map. I found where we crossed the frontline, decided where to look for the target, and just turned to the right to see the possible escape route. Right at that moment, among sparse trees, we saw a group 12-15 Germans in only 30-40 meters from us. The Germans quickly stopped, turned toward us and began taking the submachine guns off their shoulders.

这是一个安静和清新的早晨，从前线不断传来零星的枪声和信号弹射击声。我们在一个小山丘的草丛里隐蔽着。在前面200到300米远的地方有伐树和德国人的说话声。我努力让自己舒服些，打开地图努力想辨认出我们所处的位置。我找到了我们穿过前线的地方，然后决定在哪找目标，然后转向右边找出可能的撤退路线。就在这时，在稀疏的树林中，我们看见距离我们只有30到40开外走来12个或者15个德国人。德国人突然停下来，转向我们这边并且开始从肩膀上取下冲锋枪。

I froze for a second, and then thought of an idea - showing no surprise, no alarm, I looked at them calmly and continued pointing toward the escape route. My scouts caught on and continued as though nothing happened. It saved us. The adversary silently turned to the left and walked off toward the frontline. In the first following moments, I could not even comprehend what just happened, as though in a dream. I think that the Germans, seeing our coolness, thought we were Germans, too. They could not think there would be Russians so far into their territory. Later, it turned out this was a group going to rotate those who were in the trenches the previous night. We found ourselves sitting by their usual pathway. What worked to our advantage was that we were dressed in camo similar to theirs and everybody was without a hat.

Many years have passed but I will always remember this.

我迟疑了一秒钟，然后想了个办法——不要慌张，不要惊讶。我平静地看了看侦察兵们然后继续在地图上寻找撤退路线。我们的侦察兵全都继续保持安静，什么事情也没发生。这救了我们。敌人安静地转向左边向前线方向走去。这一切过去后，开始我都没明白发生了什么事，就象一场梦。我想德国人可能看到我们如此镇定，以为我们也是德国人。他们觉得俄国人不可能深入到他们后方这么远。后来他们转向是因为他们可能是去前线接防前天晚上前线值班的士兵。我们发现我们呆在敌人经常走的路边。对我们有利的是我们穿的衣服与德国人差不多，而且我们都没戴帽子。多少年过去了，我经常回忆起这一幕。

As soon as the Germans left, we moved closer to the construction area. We were much more careful and moved slowly, studying every inch of the ground. Finally, the darkness fell. It took us an hour-and-a-half to two hours to close in on their positions and find a dugout. The assault had to be silent so that we could safely leave and cross the frontline again where we came. I assigned three strongest scouts to the attack, privates Rybin, Roitman and another one, I do not remember his name. The others remained close by to be able to support the assault with fire if necessary. The brave three began crawling toward the dugout. The tension was enormous, something could happen any second, everybody was fully alert.

德国一离开，我们马上转移位置。我们更加小心谨慎并且慢慢地移动，边走边研究路上的每一寸的痕迹。终于天黑了。我们花费了一个半小时或两小时接近德国人的位置并且找到一个战壕。袭击必须保持安静以便我们能安全离开和再次穿过前线回到我们来的地方。我指派了三个最强壮的侦察兵去捕俘，他们是列兵鲁宾(Rybin)，路伊特曼(Roitman)和另外一个士兵，我记不起他的名字了。其他人散布在周围为捕俘组提供火力支持。这三个勇敢的小伙子开始爬向战壕，大家都很紧张，遭遇在几秒钟内随时都会发生，每个人都高度警戒。

And then the silence of the night was torn apart by two shots. Our tension went to the limits and then we heard rattle, screams and intense gunfire. The very minute I was ready to run toward the fight, the scouts showed up with a captive. When they entered the dugout, they stumbled upon two sleeping Germans, who immediately woke up and started screaming. The scouts tried to drag both of them out, but the Germans fiercely fought back. They shot one of the Nazis and took the other prisoner. At the same time, the Germans who were in the nearby dugouts, hearing the screaming and shots, rose alarm and began firing around. The whole fray took only a few seconds. Now, our team, without a loss, was all back and we began retreating while there still was confusion in the enemy's camp. It was a difficult march as we were running straight toward the frontline, stumbling upon rocks. As we approached the frontline, it was already dawn. We didn't notice any pursuit, but when we crossed the river and ascended the opposite bank of the Sredni Verman river, the adversary artillery fired several volleys at us.

在夜晚的安静中突然传来两声枪响，更使我们的紧张达到了极限，我们随即听见嘈杂声、喊叫还有密集的枪声。我马上跑过去，这时侦察兵带着一个俘虏回来了。在他们进入战壕时，被两个睡着的德国人拌倒了，德国人马上醒来并且开始喊叫。侦察兵试图把两个人拽出战壕，可是他们拼命挣扎，他们只好射杀了其中一个，带走了另一个。同时，附近的德国人听见喊叫声开始射击。照明弹开始在四周爆裂。这只有几秒钟的时间，现在，我们小分队没有任何损失，全员迅速撤退。后面敌人的营地一片混乱。我们笔直地撤向前线是一个艰难的行军，不时有人被石块拌倒。当我们达到前线时，天已经破晓，我们注意到没有任何追兵，不过当我们穿过Sredni Verman河抵达对岸时，敌人的大炮开始向我们炮击。

The visibility was good and they apparently were watching us. We were crossing a clearing in the forest with scattered boulders. Using the rocks as cover, we hurried toward the treeline to avoid losses. Some of us, however, already were wounded and our captive was killed by a round's fragment. Under the circumstances, we ran as fast as we could, carrying our wounded under artillery fire. On return, I reported to the staff commander about the mission. From the captive's documents, we learned his unit number and the location of their battalion's headquarters, for, incidentally, that was what we attacked. Despite the exceptional action of the group during the mission, nobody was put forward for decoration. The staff commander told me that, if we had brought the captive alive, we would have gotten the same kind of order as on his chest. He had Order of the Red Banner.

当时能见度很好他们可以清楚地看到我们，我们正在穿过一个森林的开阔带，那里有一些零散的大石块。利用这些石块做掩护，我们快速进入森林中避免伤亡。不过我们中一些人还是负伤了，俘虏也被弹片炸死。在敌人炮击下，我们带着伤员我们尽可能快地跑。我们返回后，我向参谋长报告了执行任务的细节。从俘虏身上找到的文件，我们了解到他的部队番号和营指挥部的位置，这次没有人受到奖励。参谋长告诉我，如果我们把俘虏活着带回来，我们会得到一个与挂在他胸口同样的奖章——他有一枚红旗勋章。

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2018-9-5 13:51:52 由用户 白瑞德 编辑过

Episode 3.

回忆三

In January 1942, having returned to my regiment from the hospital, I was assigned commander of the regiment's intelligence unit (foot and mounted reconnaissance). Soon I received a new mission objective - infiltrate the area 5 km northwest of Lake Tolvand and get a "talkie". This area was on the adversary's right flank, behind the lake, where their units held fortified strongholds surrounded by minefields. I would like to mention that only a month later I stumbled on a mine in the same area and was badly wounded…

1942年1月，我从医院回到团里，我被任命为团侦察分队的指挥员。不久我接到一个新任务，渗透到Tolvand湖西北五公里的地区抓一个舌头。这个地区是敌人的右翼，就在湖的后面，那里的德国人守备在地雷包围着的经过加强的防御工事中。我一个月后就在在这个地方踩上了一枚地雷并且负了重伤…

After quick preparations, very early in the morning, I checked every single one of the thirty handpicked scouts and asked if anyone was sick or just reluctant. Everybody was feeling well and eager to go. We were going on foot even though the snow was deep and fluffy.

在快速准备后，一大清早我开始对精心挑选的三十个侦察兵逐个进行检查。一一询问他们是否有病和是否愿意去执行任务。所有的人感觉都很好并且战斗情绪很高。尽管下着鹅毛大雪我们还是步行出发。

The moment we were setting off, the night was frosty and quiet, the sky clear and starry. The moon was up and shining bright. Somewhere on the frontline, were sounds of gunfire, short automatic bursts, somebody was shooting flares. We crossed our battalion's defenseline and disappeared behind a low hill. It was difficult to walk - the snow was too soft, the scouts grew tired fast, especially the ones leading the group.

随即我们出发了，夜晚很冷并且安静，天空晴朗，满天星斗。月亮在天空上，月光明亮。在前线某个地方传来阵阵枪声，还有短促的自动武器射击声，有人在释放照明弹。我们穿过了我们营的防线然后消失在一个矮山丘的后面。行走是困难的，因为雪太松软了，侦察兵努力前进，特别是开道的那个最累。

Some time later, we approached Lake Tolvand - where it was about 2.5 kilometers wide. Walking along the lake shore for 40-50 minutes, we reached the bank and briefly rested. Then, we circled an inlet and, after a while, saw a little house. This place was in a kilometer-and-a-half from the enemy strongholds. We didn't want to walk into a minefield and I decided to wait until dawn. It was pretty frosty and I thought we could use the house for rest lest the men get frostbite. Outside, we left two guards who were to be rotated. It was quiet and peaceful in the house and some were already dozing off when we heard a real gunfire. It turned out, one of the scouts gathered litter, wood splinters, and paper, stuffed everything into the wood stove and lit it, but there were rifle rounds in the litter.

一会，我们靠近了Tolvand湖，湖有2.5公里宽。沿着湖岸走了大约40-50分钟，我们抵达岸边暂时休息。在绕过了一个水湾后我们找到一个小房子，这里距离敌人据点大约有1.5公里的样子。我们不想走到雷区，因此我决定等待天亮。天很冷，我想我们可以利用房子休息以防止士兵们被冻伤。在外面我放了两个哨兵轮流警戒。四周很安静祥和，我们有些人都冻僵了，这时我突然在屋里听到一声枪响。原因很快查明，一个侦察兵找了一些垃圾，木块和纸，他把这些东西塞进壁炉里点燃了它们，可是没想到垃圾中有一枚步枪子弹。

The sun was rising and we had to leave at once, fearing that the adversary could hear the gunfire. In a single file, we moved toward the strongholds. As we reached a clearing in the forest, we were able to see forward up to a kilometer-and-a-half.We continued pushing ahead, rotating the ones working the trail.

因为担心敌人可能听到了枪声。等太阳一露头我们就立马离开了那所房子，我们排成一列纵队向敌人据点前进。我们抵达森林里的一个开阔地，在这里可以看到一公里半开外的地方。我们继续前进，轮流搜寻敌人的踪迹（担任尖兵？）

After 600-700 meters, we saw a group of Germans moving toward us. They were on skis, their single file stretched over some distance and they were very conspicuous on the white of the snow. Our scouts, in their new white camos, were almost invisible on the white background. I made the decision to ambush the Germans and split the group in two: the one, under command of the political officer, Lt. Litvak, took the left side of the clearing, the other, under my command, went on the right side, at an angle. The German group was very visible in the clearing. Everyone was told to open fire on my signal - a handgun shot. In 6-7 minutes, the adversary numbering 20-25 men, skied into our ambush. I remember their leader, an unshaven, sweaty redhead with a submachine gun on his shoulder. Having carefully taken aim, I shot at him at a range of 15-20 meters. Immediately, the entire ambush squalled with automatic fire. It was so swift that the enemy was totally overwhelmed and had no idea what to do. Many just fell into the snow, struggling with their skis, some darted off toward the forest for cover.

在前进了600-700米后，我们看见一队德国人向我们走来。他们都滑雪前进，长长的队列在雪白的雪地上显得十分醒目。而我们侦察兵都穿着新配发的白斗篷，在白色的背景衬托下不显眼。我决定伏击这些德国人。很快我把小分队分为两部分：指导员利特维科中尉(Litvak)带领一组去开阔地的左边，其他人受我指挥去右边。我们刚埋伏好，德国人就快要到了。所有人只有听到我的信号——一声手枪射击声才能开火。六七分钟后，20到25个敌人滑雪进入了我们的伏击圈。我记得他们领头的那个，没有刮胡子，红头发，一支冲锋枪挂在肩膀上。我仔细瞄准他，在15到20米的距离向他开了一枪。马上，伏击圈内到处响起了激烈的枪声。这完全出乎敌人的意料，他们根本不能做出任何反应。一些人连人带滑雪板一起摔倒在雪地上，另一些人竭力滑向树林里寻找掩护。

I was concerned that the scouts would simply kill off all of the Germans; I commanded to cease fire and we rushed into hand-to-hand combat. Sgt. Semenov jumped on a Nazi who was trying to shoot, wrought the submachine gun out and knocked the German off with the weapon's butt. Then, he dropped another one on the run. Lt. Litvak and two scouts already got a "talkie." Private Sukhorukov was tackling a Finn, when Private Murtasaliev came to his help. The Finn was subdued and taken aside. Privates Zvenigora and Klepikov also caught a German who was trying to hide in the snow. Everything happened within seconds. Seeing that the mission objective was complete, I commanded to retreat.

我担心侦察兵会将所有的敌人都杀死，于是我命令停止射击然后冲向敌人展开徒手格斗。西蒙诺夫军士(Semenov)跳到一个正要开枪的纳粹身上，用他的冲锋枪枪托一把将那个德国人击倒在地。然后，他又干掉了另一个试图逃走的家伙。利特维科中尉(Litvak)和两个侦察兵已经抓住了一个舌头。列兵苏霍鲁科夫(Sukhorukov)也抱住了一个芬兰人，列兵马尔塔萨列夫(Murtasaliev)赶过来帮助他。芬兰人被抱起来带走了。列兵泽文尼克拉(Zvenigora)和克列皮科夫(Klepikov)也抓住了一个想藏进雪堆里的德国人。这些事情都发生在几秒钟的时间里。看到任务已经完成，我命令撤退。

In that short skirmish, the enemy lost eight men dead, including two officers, a German and a Finn. Three soldiers were taken prisoner - a German, Finn and Austrian. We collected the documents off the dead, took their weapons and skis. The recon group did not lose a single man. We were lucky to have large fluffy snowflakes begin coming down when we were returning back past the lake, it hid us from the enemy. Happy and satisfied, we approached the battalion's outposts, where the deputy staff commander, Cap. Vasiliev, was already waiting for us. "How did it go?" - he asked. "A complete failure," - I answered. But he said he had heard the fight and already saw the scouts' faces, he already figured everything went well. We then had some breakfast, fed the prisoners and headed for the regiment staff. Later, there were articles in the army papers about the 596 Regement's recon group successful actions.

在这场小战斗中，敌人死了八个人，包括两个军官，一个是德国人，另一个是芬兰人。有三个士兵成了俘虏——一个是德国人，一个芬兰人，还有一个是奥地利人。我们收集了尸体上所有文件，带走了他们的滑雪板和武器。侦察小分队没有损失一个人。我们十分幸运，当我们返回经过湖边的时候，天开始下起鹅毛大雪，这将帮助我们不被德国人发现。很高兴并且满意，我们抵达了营里的前哨位置，参谋长的助手瓦西里耶夫上尉(Vasiliev)已经在那里等待。“怎么样？”他问。“彻底的失败，”我回答说。不过他说他都听说了战斗的事情并且已经看到了侦察兵的脸色，他已经知道了发生的每件事情。我们吃了早餐，也喂给俘虏吃，然后带他们去了团指挥所。后来集团军报纸有篇文章介绍了596团侦察分队的这次成功的行动。

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

Episode 4.

During the war on the Karelian Isthmus, army scouts carried out various duties, depending on the circumstances. Not only they acquired information about the enemy and terrain, they were sent to search for command centers that went incommunicado, they served as couriers delivering orders and commands, they searched for unit documents and archives lost in combat; they even delivered propaganda flyers and posters on the enemy's territory - this was done especially often in the defensive. I would like to tell you about one example when the scouts were sent on a mission of finding an important mapcase which had been lost in combat.

In late August 1941, units of the 122nd Rifle Division were fighting and retreating to a transitory defense line at Alakurtti. At the end of that day, our battalion was approaching the assigned position where we were to render cover and support for the retreat of the division command center and its artillery. Because of heavy losses in prior fights, the battalion was weakened.

The battalion's companies were crossing a rugged terrain. The wooded hills changed with marshy areas and thin forests. The reconnaissance platoon was working ahead of the battalion, within the visibility range. It was already dusk, but we still could see quite well. Walking along with the platoon, I suddenly saw a German unit marching on us from the right, in 200-250 meters, apparently, trying to intercept us. I made gestures back to the head of our file but they did not react, nobody was watching us. I was really worried and, realizing we did not have any time, decided to open fire at the enemy to draw the attention of the battalion commander. Hearing the gunfire, the battalion instantaneously went into battle formation and opened heavy rifle and submachine-gun fire supported by mortars. The exchange was intensive and lasted for about 30 minutes. It was already dark and raining. The battalion took the opportunity to break out and take defense at the assigned time.

Having gone for about a kilometer, the commander decided to make a stop and check on men in the units. During the fight, several soldiers were wounded. My platoon and I were with the battalion commander. During the break it was discovered that the regiment's party secretary, who was with the battalion, lost in the fray his mapcase with all the paperwork in it. The battalion commander immediately turned to me and said: "I know the scouts are all exhausted but we need to do everything to try and find the lost mapcase." One can only imagine in what condition the scouts were. They did not have any rest for two days, were always in action, carrying out various missions in prior fights. And now, wet to the bone and worn out, they had to get back to the battlefield and find a mapcase. The rain strengthened, we were shivering - it does get pretty cool at this time of year north of the Arctic Circle. Trying to concentrate, I was recalling the fight, especially the terrain and layout - where were our units, where was the enemy. I was taking into account the possibility that the enemy could still be there or somewhere nearby, this made our mission really dangerous. Moreover, in the dark, we could simply run into them. Thus, we disembarked on the mission. We followed the same tracks and trails that we just took leaving the fight. We moved slowly, listening carefully, engulfed by pitch dark. First, we searched a 100-300 m wide strip, then we turned around and started again. Going back, we noticed a glowing campfire on the edge of the forest. We got alarmed and acted even more carefully. Having finished the first strip, we started searching the next one. 20-30 meters through, I heard somebody's stifled but excited voice on the right: "Here it is, got it!"

It is impossible to imagine how much thrill and relief we felt that moment. What an enormous load just fell off the shoulders of my exhausted and starved people! We quickly reassembled and silently moved back to the location of the battalion, increasing the pace as we were closing in. We already knew the way and the yearning to get it over with was growing with every step.

In good mood, we safely returned to the battalion. I immediately reported to the commander about the mission completed successfully and without loss. I handed him the find and received his appreciation. Shortly, we were moving again to a new defense line as had been set forth by the battalion's objectives.

I.L. Kobets, then Lieutenant, Commander of Regiment Reconnaissance, now Colonel in Reserve.

发表主题： 40
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 4702

【深谋远虑我猫总】

留名，有时间看看。

发表主题： 2957
发表回复： 4616
网站暂行积分： 13487

【人类幸存者】

有时间也试译一下吧。

新用户注册返回首页
首页上一页下一页尾页页次1/1 转到第页