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作者信息   主题: 德国坦克在法国10585

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  发表时间: 2009-8-23 21:08:51             


http://www.feldgrau.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=45&t=15163
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I think this could be intresting.
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German Armor In France
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Translated and digested by the MILITARY REVIEW from an article by
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Major Rogé in “Revue Historiquede l’Armee” (France) No. 1, ,March 1947.
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HOW many tanks did the Germans use against France in May 1940?
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To answer this much discussed question, the author interviewed General Guderian the American prisoner of war camp at Allendorff in November 1946.
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General Guderian’s efforts had occupied prominent place in the evolution of the modern German Army. He conceived the armored division, formulated the rules. for employment, and codified its tactics in the 1940 regulations. His book, AchtungPanzer, established him as a leader in armor.
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He put his doctrine of employment of armor into practice in the Polish campaign. As commander of the 19th Armored Army Corps under. General von Kleist in the offensive against France, he was charged with the decisive operation of the campaign. He forced the passage of the Meuse at Sedan on 13 May, and in the last half of June, 1940, he encircled the group of French Armies of the East at Epinal and Gerardmer.
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The interview follows:
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Question: How many armored and motorized divisions did the German Army possees on 10 May 1940?
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Answer: The German Army on 10 May 1940, had ten armored and six motorized divisions. All were engaged against France on 10 May.
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Question: Did the German Army possess any separate armored units in addition to the armored divisions?
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Answer: The German Army possessed no separate armored formations.
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Question: How many tanks were there in each armored division?
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Answer: The ten armored divisions were not made up in the same manner and did not possess the same number of tanks. Divisions 1, 2 and 10 each had 276 combat vehicles. Divisions 3, 4 and 5 each had 324 combat vehicles. Divisions 6, 7 and 8 each had 218 combat vehicles. The 9th Division had 229 combat vehicles. This gives a total of 2,683 combat vehicles of categories 1, 2, 3 and 4, to which should be added the commander’s tanks and armored cars.
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Question: Would you be able, on the basis of the document you possess, to indicate the number of commander’s tanks and armored care in the armored divisions?
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Answer: Each armored division had three commander’s tanks, which makes a total of thirty. Each armored brigade had four commander’s tanks, which makes a total of forty tanks. Each armored regiment had three commander’s tanks, which makes a total of sixty tanks. Each armored battalion had three commander’s tanks, which makes a total of 120 tanks. Each artillery regiment of the armored divisions had seven commander’s tanks, which makes a total of seventy tanks.
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This gives a grand total of 320 commander’s tanks.
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Question: The total number of tanks of the ten armored divisions was, therefore, 2,683 plus 320, or 3,003 tanks?
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Answer: That is correct. But it is a theoretical figure. It was not reached, and we did not employ more than 2,800 battle worthy combat vehicles.
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Question: We should also count the armored cars. How many of these did you possees?
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Answer: Fifty-six for each armored division or a total of 560; twenty-four for each motorized division or a total of 144; and three for each division of infantry on the active list, or a total of 108. This makes grand total of about 800. But this theoretical figure was not reached and the number of armored cars should be estimated at about 700.
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Question: Were all infantry divisions supplied with three armored cars on 10 May 1940?
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Answer: Only the thirty-six divisions of the active army were provided with three armored cars.
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Question: According to your figure, the total number of armored combat vehicles employed against France in 1940 did not exceed 3,500?
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Answer: That is correct. However, we did have at our disposal some one hundred tanks, armored cars and self-propelled guns in Norway and the schools of Germany.
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Question: Were there tanks and armored cars in process of construction in the armament factories at that time?
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Answer: Certainly, but I do not recall how many such there were on 10 May 1940.
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Question: Did armored divisions 12, 13, 14, 15, 17 and 24 participate in the campaign of France in 1940?
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Answer: No, these divisions did not exist at that time, but studies were in progress for their organization and formation.
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Question: What was the figure for the armored and motorized divisions in condition for combat on 1 September 1939?
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Answer: Germany engaged against Poland all the armored and motorized divisions at her disposal, ‘namely, four armored and five motorized divisions.
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Question: How was Germany able to put ten armored and six motorized divisions into the line by May 1940?
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Answer: The cadres and troops existed and were already trained in the use of tanks. The equipment was constructed during the period between September 1939 and April 1940.
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Question: Did the captured tanks of Czechoslovakia and Poland permit the formation, of armored divisions?
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Answer: The doctrines of employment of tanks in Poland and Czechoslovakia were not the same as in Germany. Hence the foreign equipment would not answer the purposes of the German General Staff. The equipment was not interchangeable.
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Question: Did you capture many French tanks in France in 1940?
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Answer: The number of tanks seized in parks in France was not very great.
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Question: How many armored and motorized divisions were engaged against Russia in June 1941?
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Answer: Twenty-four armored and ten motorized divisions including S.S. units.
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Question: How many armored and motorized divisions were created between the month of July 1940 and June 1941?
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Answer: Fourteen armored and four motorized divisions.
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Question: Were these divisions of the same type and composition as those which fought in France in May 1940?
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Answer: No, they were less powerful. Each of the twenty-four armored divisions possessed only three battalions of tanks instead of the four in the armored divisions of 10 May 1940. Armored divisions Nos. 1 to 10 each lost one battalion of tanks. Thirty-two battalions of tanks had been created. The armored divisions which were engaged against Russia in June 1941 each had a strength of some 180 tanks while their minimum strength in the campaign of France was 280 tanks.
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Question: Did not the German General Staff attempt to reorganize the armored divisions during the course of the war, providing each with four armored battalions as in 1940 during the French campaign ?
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Answer: To our great regret, we were unable to increase the numerical strengh, in the matter of tanks, of our armored divisions. We did not have enough tanks for the operations we had undertaken in Russia and Africa.
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Question: Nevertheless, was not the tank production of German industry very high, considering the means at its disposal?
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Answer: Our monthly tank production passed from 250 per month at the beginning of 1940 to 500 at the beginning of 1942, reached 800 at the beginning of 1943 and 1,000 at the end of 1943. From the summer of 1944 on, production fell off and continued to do so until April 1945. Then too, the multiplicity of the types constructed often slowed down production.
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Question: This being the ease, why was it not possible to reinforce the armored divisions?
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Answer: Our losses, on the Russian front particularly, were so great that the tanks coming out of our factories served simply to replace those that had been destroyed or worn out. We did, however, increase the number of our armored units, raising to thirty-four the number of our armored divisions. But in each division, the number of tank battalions decreased and the number of tanks in each armored division did not exceed 100 or 120 by the end of the war.
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Question: How did Germany handle the fuel problem so as to 



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