[烛光生存狂]-法国47mm坦克炮/反坦克炮简介

Hello,

There is no link between these 2 points, the 47mm SA34 and SA35 guns mounted in AFVs had HE shells.

47mm SA34 L/30

Used in the Renault D1, D2 and B1

Theoretical rate of fire : 15 rpm

Telescopic sight : 4x (L.671 sight, field of view 11.25°, V reticle, adjustable drum up to 1100m for the shells and 1600m for the coaxial MG)

Practical AT range : 400m

Ammunition :

Obus de rupture Mle1892G (APHE)

Caliber : 47x139R mm

Weight of projectile : 1.480 kg (50 g explosive)

Length of projectile : 181.5mm

V° = 450 m/s

Obus explosif type D (HE)

caliber : 47x139R mm

Weight of projectile : 1.250 kg

V° = 490 m/s

Obus explosif type B (steel) Mle1932 (HE)

caliber : 47x139R mm

Weight of projectile : 1.410 kg (142 g explosive)

Length of projectile : 183mm

V° = 480 m/s

47mm SA35 L/32

Used in the Renault ACG1, Renault D2, B1bis (turret gun) and Somua S35 tanks.

Theoretical rate of fire : 15 rpm (6 rpm in a B1bis turret in accurate aiming, could drop to 2-4 rpm in combat)

Telescopic sight :

• 4x (L.724 sight, field of view 11.25°, V and later + reticle, range drum up to 1500m for the AP shells and 1600m for the coaxial MG) for the APX1 turret

• 4x (L.762 sight, field of view 11.81°, + reticle, range drum up to 1500m for the AP shells and 1600m for the coaxial MG) for the APX4 turret

• There might be a L.731 sight for the APX1 CE turret (Somua S35) but there is no information about it at the moment.

• There might be a different scope in the APX2 turret (ACG1 light tank)? But since it is a cavalry tank it may eventually have the same one as for the Somua S35 tank.

Practical AT range : 800-1000m

Ammunition :

Obus de rupture Mle1935 (APC)

Caliber : 47x193R mm

Weight of projectile : 1.620 kg (sometimes 1.625 kg is indicated)

Length of projectile : 145mm (length of the case : 193mm and total length of the shell : 325mm)

V° = 660 m/s (sometimes 680 m/s is indicated)

Obus explosif Mle1932 (HE)

Caliber : 47x193R mm

Weight of projectile : 1.410 kg (142g explosive)

Length of projectile : 183mm

V° = 590 m/s

Canon de 47mm L/50 Mle1937 (SA37)

Caliber : 47x380R mm

Crew : 1 NCO + 5 men

Weight : 1,050 – 1,150kg (depending from type of wheels and carriage manufacturer)

Length : 3,95m (firing position) / 4.10m (moving configuration)

Width : 3.70m (firing position) / 1.62m (moving configuration)

Height : 1.21m (firing position) / 1.10m (moving configuration)

Weight : 300kg

Barrel length : 2,393m (1,90m rifling)

Rate of fire : 15-20 rpm

Traverse : 68° (1 wheel turn = 1°5 in traverse)

Elevation : -13° to +16.30° (1 wheel turn = 1°4 in elevation)

Telescopic sight : 4x (L.748 telescopic sight, field of view 10.13°, + reticle, adjustable drum up to 3,500m)

Emergency sight : 200 to 800m by increment of 200m

V° : 855 m/s

Practical AT range : 1,000m (maximum range of 6,500m)

Accuracy : 65 x 150cm at 1,600m and 41 x 63cm at 1,000m.

Penetration : 106mm/0° at 100m ; 89mm/0° at 500m ; 72mm/0° at 1,000m ; 57mm/0° at 1,000m [another source specifies hardened/cemented armor and gives 92.5mm/0° at 100m ; 77mm/0° at 500m].

Obus de rupture Mle1936 (APCBC) - in German service : Pzgr 178(f) -

Caliber : 47x380R mm

Weight of projectile : 1.726 kg (1.710 kg without ballistic cap)

Length of projectile : 192 mm (APC 144.5mm + BC 92mm, total length of the shell : 555.5mm)

V° = 855 m/s

Obus explosif Mle1932 M39 (HE) - in German service : Pzgr 181(f) -

Caliber : 47x380R mm

Weight of projectile : 1.410 kg (142g explosive)

V° = 590 m/s

Modified Mle1932 HE projectile, usually with a Gaba Mle1932 fuze.

The roots of this AT gun can be found in the 47mm Mle1885 naval gun, becoming semi-automatic with the 47mm Mle1902 naval gun. Thanks to its high velocity it is used as AT gun in the Maginot Line fortifications. At the beginning of the 1930's the weapon is modernized and gives birth to the 47mm Mle1934 AT gun used in the fortifications, to the 47mm Mle1934 and Mle1935 tank gun and to the 47mm Mle1937 AT gun. The latter is at first intended to equip the French infantry but the 25mm Mle1934 AT gun is judged as sufficient to deal with the armored threats and the 47mm Mle1937 AT gun is given to the artillery. The artillery is using 75mm Mle1897, 75mm Mle1897/33 and 75mm Mle1897 on Arbel platforms (360°) in an AT role. The gunners lack a gun that would be ready to fire very quickly, with a good traverse to follow its targets and that would also be small and lightweight enough to be hidden and moved easily by its crew.

The 47mm Mle1937 AT gun offers them these features and is the best AT gun on the battlefield in 1939-1940 (after the 8.8cm Flak18 AA gun used in AT role). The traverse and elevation as well as the speed and precision at which the gun can be aimed are excellent. These features combined to the outstanding accuracy offer a gun able to engage and penetrate all the German tanks at 1,000 meters. The gun is easier to move by the crew alone than a 75mm Mle1897 field gun and it is even able to fire from its towed/moving configuration.

The 47mm Mle1937 AT gun fires the 'obus de rupture Mle1936'. The Mle1936 APCBC shell has a magnesium ballistic cap screwed on the APC. It produces a white smoke during the flight of the projectile, replacing somewhat tracer shells. A burning and brilliant lightning is created at the impact point, helping also in the aiming and giving limited incendiary power to the projectile. The shell can of course be used without this additional cap.

The 'obus explosif Mle1932 M39' (HE) is very rare in May-June 1940, no production number could be found. It is not or rarely distributed to combat units. Shrapnel shells are tested between 1938 and 1940 but it does not result in industrial production. The AT guns rely therefore on the 8 LMGs of the battery for self-protection against enemy infantry. The sight is at the very beginning the L.711 also used on the 25mm AT guns. The L.740 is introduced in September 1939 and finally the L.748 is used from February 19, 1940 on.

The French Army has 339 of these 47mm Mle1937 AT guns in September 1939. This number increases to 1,094 in May 1940. The AT guns are available but the formation of new units remains intricate due to lack of adapted transport means and of specialized personnel. On the 10th of June 1940, a total of 1,268 of these guns has been delivered, including 45 in North Africa.

The 47mm Mle1937 AT guns are included in the divisional anti-tank batteries or BDAC (Batterie Divisionnaire Anti-Char) and other independent anti-tank batteries (BAC). Initially such a battery should have included 12 47mm AT guns but due to the lack of guns this number was reduced to 8 (in practice this number could vary from 6 to 12 but was indeed generally of 8). The Laffly W15T (only 75 available) and the older Citroën-Kégresse P17E are used to tow the 47mm Mle1937 AT gun if the battery is not horse drawn. In several batteries, basic trucks are also used. Many prototypes are being studied to develop a companion tractor for the 47mm AT gun: Somua MCJ, Latil M7 Z1, FAR TT3 or Saurer 6M.

The French Army has a very good and powerful 47mm AT gun in 1940 but it is hampered by the lack of dedicated all-terrain tractor and often by the lack of proper communication and well-established AT plan/doctrine at the divisional level (the guns are too often deployed on the foreposts and 1st lines instead of staying on the rears). Compared to the 25mm AT guns, the 47mm Mle1937 is much more powerful, has a low profile comparable to the smaller ones but without flash hider and due to the flame at each shot it is less discrete. The anti-tank batteries were often equipped late with the 47mm AT gun and were sometimes poorly trained (or only on the 75mm Mle1897 gun). Many batteries are horse-drawn (except in the motorized divisions and for several independent anti-tank batteries) and the guns once deployed can only be moved very hardly during combat. D

新用户注册返回首页
首页上一页下一页尾页页次1/1 转到第页