[烛光生存狂]-如何挑选一把猎刀

Choose a hunting knife based on what type of game you hunt and how often you trek out.A quality huntin-g knife is versatile enough to do everything the average hunter needs -- from skinning the animal to splitting through its ribcage and bone. When you're choosing a hunting knife, it's important to consider how you'll use it and the type of game y-ou plan to hunt. Clearly, the big game hunter will use a different type of knife than someone who hunts rabbits. And, if you think bigger is always better, you'd be wrong. An oversized knife will make cleaning small game harder, not easier, and increase your chances of cutting yourself.

选一把什么样的猎刀取决于你的猎物类型和出猎的频繁程度，一把质量过硬的猎刀足以胜任猎人所需要完成的任何任务，如剥皮、分割猎物的肢体和剥离骨肉。在选择猎刀的时候，考虑你将如何使用它和所要完成的任务是很重要的。很明显，狩猎大型动物和猎兔子的需要使用不同的刀子，认为刀子总是越大与好的想法是错误的，一把超大尺寸的刀子在从事小一些的操作时很困难，同时会增加割伤自己的几率。

Once you've determined what size knife you want, consider how often you hunt. If you only hunt occasionally and you want a knife that can be used for a variety of purposes, you may want a smaller folding blade knife. If you're a dedicated hunter and plan on using your knife only for hunting, a solidly-built fixed blade knife may make more sense.

当你决定将要选择刀子尺寸的时候，需要考虑你狩猎的频繁程度，如果你只是偶尔打猎，做一些日常的各种用途，你可能需要一把小折刀，如果你是一个猎人并且决定使用猎刀单纯来狩猎，一把固定刀柄且全龙骨的刀子是不二的选择。

Next, you've got to decide whether you want to carry your knife in a sheath or keep it in your pocket. It's obviously not a good idea to carry a large fixed blade knife in your pocket -- unless you want to slice open your leg. And, as always, your budget is an important consideration as well. Hunting knives are available in a wide variety of prices, and you want to get the best knife possible for your money. Fortunately, no matter what type of knife you choose, it'll be capable of handling most hunting duties.

接下来，你需要决定是把刀子放在刀鞘里面携带还是放在你的口袋里。把固定柄直刀放在口袋里面绝对不是一个好主意，除非你想割破自己的腿。同时，很正常的说预算也是需要考虑的重要因素之一。猎刀的价格千差万别，你想要用现有的钱得到最好的猎刀。幸运的，不管你选择哪种刀子，都可应付狩猎中最基本的工作。

Your first big choice in your hun-ting knife pursuit is between a folding or a fixed blade. A fixed blade knife has a blade that's permanently affixed in the open position. Because there are no moving parts in the fixed blade knife, they're generally considered strong and reliable. There are downsides, however. Because the knife is always open, you have to carry it in a sheath and wear it. This makes it bulkier than a folding knife with the same size blade.

第一个遇到的问题是在在折刀和固定柄刀之间的选择。固定柄刀子的刀刃有固定的位置，由于没有可以活动的部位，一般被认为是结实而耐用的，另一方面由于刀身外露，不得不放在刀鞘了里面携带。这样就造成了固定柄刀相对于有同样尺寸刀身的折刀的体积偏大。

The blades of a folding knife fold back into the handle. It also has a locking feature that prevents the blade from accidentally closing while you're using it. Because the blade folds back into the handle, the knife is more compact and can be carried more easily. But this design feature is also the folding knife's biggest drawback. Its hollow handle and the pivot point where the blade folds are weak points -- the folding knife isn't as strong as a similarly-sized fixed blade knife.

折刀的手柄可以折叠会到手柄里面去，有些还有固定装置防止使用的时候意外闭合，由于可以折叠更加方便携带，这个设计同时也是折刀的致命伤，中空的手柄和折叠轴都是弱点，折刀不如固定柄知道结实、坚固。

One advantage of the folding knife is blade choice. Not all folding knives have more than one blade, but many do. Some people view this as a benefit. But, the truth is, if you choose the right hunting blade, you shouldn't need more than one. Also, there are several fixed hunting knives on the market that allow you to change out the blade. You can only use one blade at a time, but you can carry a selection with you.

选择折刀的一个好处是刀身形状的多种选择，并非所有但是很多折刀都是有多个不同形状刀身可以选，有些人觉得这是优点，实际情况是如果你选对了一把刀就不再需要其他的了，同样也是有几款固定柄刀是可以换刀身的，即使一次只能用一把，但是你可以把备选的带着。

The choice between fixed blade and folding blade is largely practical. For the serious hunter who wants a dedicated hunting knife, a fixed blade design is the best choice. For a person who only hunts occasionally, who will use the knife for other purposes and prefers to carry it in a pocket, the flexible blade handle may make a better choice.

在固定柄刀和折刀之间选择是一个很大的实际问题。对于一个认真的猎人来说，在他决定选择猎刀的时候，固定柄刀是最好的选择。对于一个偶尔打猎的人来说，对于刀子的其他用途比较偏向与携带在口袋里，折刀也许是更好的选择。

Choosing Your Hunting Knife Blade

选择你的猎刀刀身

Hunting knives come in all shapes and sizes. Take your pick.Once you've made -the choice between fixed and folding, it's time to choose your blade. There are several types of blades available, and the choice boils down to personal preference and the type of game you typically hunt. There are three common types of blades -- clip point, drop point and skinning blade.

猎刀千变万化，随便挑选，当决定以后固定柄刀还是折刀之后，就是选择刀身的时候了。有几种刀身备选，取决对于个人的喜好和猎刀被使用的对象，有3种常见的刀型;剥削刀尖、水滴刀尖和剥皮刀尖

The clip point knife blade is thin ，The blade itself is relatively flat. This knife is versatile enough to be used for general camp chores and specialized hunting jobs, including field dressing and skinning. The hunter who wants a good all-around knife should consider the clip point blade.

剥削刀尖刀身平直，刀刃相对轻薄，刀子本身比较很适合做一些营地的杂活和特定的狩猎事项，包括剥皮。如果猎人需要一把全能型的刀子的话可以考虑

The drop point knife is a specialized hunting knife. It's used to dress the animal and skin it, but shouldn't be used to cut rope or twigs, or do other general camping-related chores. The blade of a drop point knife is thick and curved. The point makes it easy to use the entire blade for skinning. Using the entire blade not only speeds up the process, but reduces the risk of damaging the meat, you're less likely to tear into the meat while you're skinning the animal. The blade's robust design allows the hunter to use the knife for gutting and other field cleaning duties.

水滴型刀尖的猎刀比较特别，用来把猎物开膛，剥皮而不是用来割断绳子和小树枝一类的营地杂活。这种刀刃厚实而且弯曲，凭借这种刀尖整个刀身可以用来剥皮，使用整个刀身不仅仅可以加快速度而且为了减少损伤肉的风险，在你剥皮的时候不太会刺进肉里面去。厚实的设计容许猎人进行其他清理内脏的工作。

Skinning blades are designed to skin big game animals. The blade quickly and neatly separates the skin from the meat of large game. Although the blade is specifically made for skinning, the knife can also be used for other hunting chores.

剥皮型刀尖的设计是为了剥大型动物的皮毛，这个刀刃可以快速而整齐的剥离开皮毛和肉在大型工作中，尽管是为了特定的操作而设计，但是也还是可以是从事其他很多狩猎中的工作。

Once you've decided among the clip point, drop point and skinning blades, you should consider whether you want the blade to have serrations. Serrations allow you to use the blade for heavy jobs, such as splitting through a rib cage, and typically take up only a small portion of the blade's length

当你决定好选择哪种刃型以后，就需要考虑你的刀子是否需要有锯齿，锯齿可以做一些重活比如锯开大型动物的肋骨，一般情况下锯齿只占有刀身的一小部分。

The Best Hunting Knife -- How to Recognize Good Quality

最好的猎刀--如何辨别优良的品质

Quality hunt-ing knives typically have either carbon steel or stainless steel blades. Each type of blade has advantages and disadvantages. Carbon steel blades rust, so they require special treatment. Regular use is the best way to prevent rust from forming on the blade, but you can also coat the blade to prevent rust. To coat your carbon steel blade, clean your blade thoroughly, allow it to dry completely, then apply a wax that contains silicon. Waxes made specifically for this job are available. Once it's coated, the carbon steel blade should be resistant to rusting. Carbon steel blades tend to be easier to sharpen and remain sharp for longer than a stainless steel blade.

一把高品质的猎刀既不是碳钢也不是不锈钢，每一种刀身都是各有优缺点。碳钢容易生锈，所以需要特别保养，正常的使用就是最好的防锈办法，涂保护层也是很有效的防锈办法，彻底的清洁刀身，完全的干燥后，涂上有防锈功能的硅油。碳钢比较容易磨砺并且相对于不锈钢来说更加容易保持刀刃的锋利。

Stainless steel knife blades are rust resistant. This makes them extremely popular with hunters who hunt in areas with rainy conditions. However, stainless steel knives are more difficult to sharpen and more expensive than carbon steel knives.

不锈钢是防锈的，这点是这类刀比较受在下雨、潮湿环境下狩猎的客人的欢迎。无论如何，不锈钢刀子比较难磨砺并且比碳钢贵很多

If you're interested in a folding blade knife, examine the pivot point thoroughly. This is the area that will be under pressure as you open and shut the blade. Also, check the locking mechanism -- if this fails, it can cause a nasty accident. A quality blade, a sturdy handle and a strong intersection of the two are all important points in both a folding and fixed blade knife.

如果你对折刀感兴趣，检查在刀子开合的时候承受力的转轴。同时检查闭锁，如果这个部分出问题，将会造成惨不忍睹的事故。一把好刀，无论是折刀还是固定柄刀来说坚固的手柄和结合处都是很重要的两点。

Whether you choose a fixed or folding blade knife, the handle should be sturdy and feel relatively heavy in your hand. Examine the area where the knife's blade enters the handle -- this can be a point of weakness. If you choose a folding blade knife, check how the blade folds into the handle. Does it line up and move relatively easy, or do you have to force it? A quality knife should move with ease.

无论你选择了折刀还是固定柄刀，手柄应该有趁手的重感，检查刀身在刀柄上的固定位置，这点可能是薄软的环节，如果你选了一把折刀，检查刀身如何折叠回刀柄的，是否对齐并且开合顺畅，是否很费力，好的刀子应该操作自如。

Get a Grip

手柄

Traditionally, hunting knife handles were made of wood, leather or bone. While these classic materials are attractive, a newer material like rubber has benefits as well. Rubber handles often provide a better grip -- they're easier to hang onto when blood, rain or snow make the handle wet. The shape of the handle is a matter of personal preference. Hold a variety of knives until you find one that's easy to grip -- it shouldn't be so long that it feels unwieldy or so short that you're tempted to stab rather than slice

传统的猎刀一般是木柄，皮柄或者骨柄。这些经典的材料都是很具有吸引力的。新材料如橡胶也是有很多优点的，有的橡胶手柄把持性能很好，特别是当有血、雨或者雪让手柄湿滑的情况下。手柄的形状依据个人喜好，多尝试几个手柄的样式直到找到最称手的，不能够太长而使用起来很笨拙，也不好太短而只想刺击不能切割。

切割钩

Regardless of the type of hunting blade you choose, your knife may come with a gut hook. The gut hook is very helpful when it's time to field dress your kill. The hunter makes a small incision in the abdominal cavity with the hunting knife, then inserts the gut hook and pulls to slice open the abdomen. The gut hook prevents the hunter from accidentally puncturing an internal organ, which can affect the quality of the meat. If your blade doesn't come with a gut hook, you can purchase gut hooks separately.

无论选择什么样的刀身，需要有一个切割钩，这个在宰杀的时候很有用，猎人在猎物腹腔开一个小口然后把切割钩伸进去，然后开膛。切割钩防止猎人意外的割开猎物其他会影响肉质质量的内脏器官，如果你的的刀子没有切割刃，单独准备一把吧！

Hunting Knife Maintenance

猎刀的保养

Proper care will extend the life of your hunting knife. You'll normally store your fixed blade knife in a sheath, but if you don't plan on using it for a while, you'll need special long-term storage solutions. For long-term storage, wrap your clean and dry knife in plain paper, and store that package in a plastic bag. Add a package of desiccant to the bag to absorb any moisture.

适当的保养可以延长猎刀得到使用寿命，一般会把固定柄刀放在刀鞘里面，如果决定一段时间不使用，就需要执行长期储存的方案，把刀子干燥而且清洁的用纸包裹起来，放在塑料袋里面。加入干燥剂可以吸收所有水分。

It's also important to keep your knife sharp. A sharp blade cuts easily, which will prevent you from accidentally cutting yourself by trying to force a dull blade. You can have your knife blade professionally sharpened, but it's actually an easy project to complete yourself. Just get a knowledgeable person to show you how to sharpen your hunting knife for the first time, and you'll be able to do it yourself after that. It's important to learn how to do it from an expert because the wrong technique can actually dull your hunting blade.

保持刀刃锋利同样很重要，利刃更加容易切割，在使用钝刀的时候防止割伤自己，可以进行专业开刃，也可以自己完成。自己学习别人磨一次刀，以后就可以自己做了。学习专业的磨刀技巧很重要，因为错误的磨刀方式只能够让刀子越磨越钝。

Day-to-day care is the best way to extend the life of your hunting knife. Clean the blade and handle thoroughly after use, using a product made specifically for the job. A quick wipe down in the field is a good idea after you use your knife, but it doesn't replace a thorough cleaning when you arrive home. Use a product made specifically for your knife's material. There are many multifunction cleaners that can be used on metal, wood and leather.

每天的保养是延长刀子寿命的最好办法，每次使用专业的工具清洁后清洁好刀身和刀柄，但是这个并不能够取代在你回到家之后对刀子的彻底清洁，有很多专用于金属、木材、皮革材质的特殊专业清洁产品。

Proper care of your hunting knife will extend its life and reduce your risk of accidentally cutting yourself. A sharp blade that's securely set in the handle is the safest blade to use.

适当的保养可以延长刀子的使用寿命，同时减少割伤自己的风险，一把手柄和刀身结合紧密并且刀刃状态良好就是刀子最安全的使用状态。

Knife Budgeting

刀子的预算

Hunting knives are available in a wide variety of prices. How much you pay will depend on what you're looking for. A stainless steel blade is typically more expensive than a carbon steel blade. A finely detailed bone handle is more expensive than a rougher wooden handle. It makes sense to invest first in a quality blade. If you can afford a nicer handle after that.that is great A cheap, lightweight blade will be a discouragement from the get-go. It won't hold an edge as well, and the area where the blade joins the handle may not be strong. With proper care, a quality hunting knife should last for years. So consider it an investment.

猎刀的价格千差万别，你愿意支付多少取决于你的需求，不锈钢刀身的相对于碳钢的贵一些，精致的骨柄刀比较粗糙的木制柄刀贵很多，花费比较多在刀身上是有意义的，如果能够再配上不错的刀柄，那样就太好了。一个廉价而轻质的刀身从一开始就是令人失望的，同时也不足以保持刀刃，刀身和刀柄的接合处也不结实。通过适当的保养，一把优质的猎刀可以使用多年，所以从投资的角度考虑（应该选择一把结实的高品质猎刀）。

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