[烛光生存狂]-第二SS装甲师(帝国师)在蒙坦作战记录

August 6th, 1944

2200 hours - The DER FUHRER Regiment is tangled up in a traffic jam caused by the I Abteilung LAH at a crossroads northeast of Mortain. The Liebstandarte units have priority of road movement and DER FUHRER has to sit and wait until the LAH Panthers pass by. Several precious hours are wasted until Otto Weidinger is able to get his units moving again. Beginning at 0100 hours, the main effort of the 2nd SS Panzer Division - DEUTSCHLAND and SS Panzeraufklarungs Abteilung 2 - launch an attack to secure Mortain itself and overrun U.S. units to the south of the town. By 0230 hours, the attacking SS troops have overcome several roadblocks and scattered a TD platoon, infantry platoon, and antitank platoon belonging to 2/120th Infantry Regiment, 30th U.S. Infantry Division. Panzer Regiment DAS REICH, will trail behind DEUTSCHLAND and exploit any breakthroughs in the American defenses. The ultimate objective of this attack is the Pontaubalt Bridge at Avranches some 35 kilometers to the west. Once the bridge is taken, the entire U.S. 3rd Army under General Patton will be cut off from General Bradley's forces.

0430 hours - III Abteilung "DF" approaches the crossroads of L'Abbaye Blanche just to the north of Mortain. It is very foggy and visibility is down to 100 meters. III/DF is supported by four Sturmgeschutz under Hauptsturmfuhrer Roeder. Weidinger's DF Regiment is tasked with seizing the crossroads and maintaining contact with the southern flank units of LAH. As 9. Kompanie nears the small cluster of houses, two 3-inch antitank guns from the 1st platoon of A/823rd TD battalion begin engaging the German vehicles. Nine vehicles, to include 6 Sdkfz 251's, are destroyed. Many of the surviving panzergrenadiers are killed by machinegun fire as they tumble from the stricken halftracks. No one is able to spot the positions of the American defenders. The delay caused by the LAH Panther battalion has deprived DF of any chance of a surprise attack on the American defenses. Otto Weidinger and the III Abteilung commander are forced to take shelter in a nearby farmhouse when their command vehicles come under fire. As the regimental commander, III Abteilung commander, and selected staff are sheltering under a table in the kitchen, a mortar shell explodes on the roof and showers them with debris and shrapnel. Fortunately, no one is injured.

1000 hours - I Abteilung "D" reports that it has taken Mortain after a fierce fight with C/120th Infantry. Scattered resistance continues in the town for the remainder of the afternoon. One platoon from C/120th Infantry takes shelter atop Hill 314 with the remainder of the 2nd Battalion, 120th Infantry. A battlegroup consisting of elements of the 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division attached to "DR" has not been able to budge the stubborn American defenders atop the hill. Hill 314, just east of Mortain, provides American artillery observers with an excellent view of the entire countryside for miles around. The I Abteilung "D" is able to link up with elements from II "DF" which have penetrated into the northern outskirts of Mortain. "DF" was able to overrun a platoon of the 120th antitank company as well as the headquarters platoon of F/120th Infantry during this period. The American prisoners taken during this action later volunteered to carry back to the "DF" aid station the burned survivors of two "DR" Sturmgeschutz knocked out near L'Abbaye Blanche.

1200 hours - II Abteilung "D" has gained its initial objectives near Romagny, just southwest of Mortain. The lead elements of II/D ambushed the I&R platoon of the U.S. 120th Infantry Regiment in Romagny earlier that morning and after a two hour fight killed or captured all of the Americans with the exception of three soldiers who were able to escape. A small group of panzergrenadiers from II/D, supported by two Pzkfw IV from 6/SS-Panzerregiment 2, attacked C/197th Field Artillery soon after Romagny had been taken. The Americans recovered rapidly from the surprise assault and managed to hold off the German infantry for several hours. An American truck mechanic assigned to the artillery battery managed to knock out one of the two panzers with a bazooka, killing two of its crew. The Germans suffered six other casualties while the Americans lost one man killed and several wounded. One American truck and a jeep were destroyed by cannon fire from the panzers. Again, dense fog seemed to have helped the defenders fend off a surprise attack.

1400 hours - The Americans are reacting to the German counterattack with fighter-bombers and artillery fire. Heavy artillery and mortar fire is falling on the "DF" regiment positions north of Mortain. A group of SS men from "D" are sheltering inside some houses in Mortain. One of them, perhaps to relieve the tension, is playing the harmonica. Soon all of the German soldiers are singing "Oh, the Beautiful Rhine." An American soldiers, also seeking cover from the artillery fire, opens the door upon hearing the singing. He is looking at the SS men and shakes his head, muttering that "war is a merry thing." The Germans, along with their bemused prisoner, escape injury during the shelling.

1600 hours - A lull in the American shelling allows the Germans to fully deploy their forces into defensive positions and begin tying in with their neighboring units. The "DF" and "D" regiments have linked up on the hills immediately to the west of Mortain. "DR" however, has not been able to establish contact with the Liebstandarte to the north. In the center of the "DR" sector is the 17th SS Panzergrenadier battlegroup. It has been unable to take Hill 314 despite a heavy artillery preparation. American artillery threw back every assault the Gotz Von Berlichingen unit made. In the south, Panzer Aufklarungsabteilung "DR" has established positions from the area of Bonberouge to Mortain.

2100 hours - An American medical convoy consisting of several ambulances of the 105th Medical Battalion has driven up from Barenton in the south and blundered into an outpost manned by Panzer Aufklarungsabteilung "DR". There were fifteen wounded men in the ambulances from 3/120th Infantry. The Germans kept the lightly wounded as prisoners and freed the remainder of the convoy.

8 August 1944

0815 Hours - Kampgruppe Ullrich, consisting of an infantry abteilung (-) from SS-Panzergrenadier Division 17 and a zug of Pzkfw IV from Panzer Regiment "DR", attacked the positions of B/120th Infantry on Hill 285 located just to the northwest of Mortain. KG Ullrich had assaulted the hill the previous morning and seized the eastern half, but lost at least three Pzkfw IV doing so, as well as a number of personnel casualties. The 8 August assault started with patrol activity shortly after midnight on 7/8 August. Approximately 5-6 panzergrenadiers armed with grenades and a flammenwerfer approached the positions of the 2nd Platoon, B/120th Infantry. An American outpost detected the patrol, following which an exchange of grenades ensued. The Germans brought the flamethrower into action, but it malfunctioned and only sprayed one American soldier with oil. When a grenade wounded several of the Germans, they decided to retreat, leaving the flammenwerfer and one seriously wounded grenadier behind. At 0815 hours, three Pzkfw IV moved forward to attack the American rifle company, but quickly pulled back when the lead vehicle was destroyed at 50 meters range by a dug in 3-inch towed AT gun from Lieutenant Francis J. Connors' 2nd platoon of A Company, 823rd TD Battalion. The Americans begin firing artillery to ensure the SS infantry did not follow up the abortive assault made by the "DR" panzers. Several of the rounds struck near the American positions, forcing the U.S. infantry and 3-inch gun crew to seek shelter. A captured Sherman tank manned by "DR" panzer crewman took advantage of this situation t

1944年8月6日

　　2200时，在Mortain东北的一个十字路口，LAH师第1营引起了交通堵塞，“元首”团停滞不前。

　　“警卫旗队”享有公路行军的优先权，“元首”团只好坐等LAH师的“黑豹”坦克通过。在Otto Weidinger 命令部队再次前进之前，几个小时被浪费了。0100时，第2SS装甲师的主力——“德意志”团和第2SS装甲侦察营发起攻击以夺取Mortain并把美军赶到镇子的南边。到0230时，进攻部队已经攻克了几个路障并击溃了属于美军第30步兵师第120步兵团第2营的一个坦克歼击车排、一个步兵排和一个反坦克排。“帝国”师装甲团将紧跟“德意志”团并扩大美军防线上的任何突破口。这次攻击的最终目标是西边大约35千米的Avranches的Pontaubalt大桥。一旦夺取该桥，就会把整个巴顿指挥的美军第3集团军与布莱德雷的部队切断。

　　0430时，“元首”团第3营接近Mortain以北的L'Abbaye Blanche十字路口。浓雾弥漫，能见度不到100米。由Hauptsturmfuhrer Roeder指挥的四辆突击炮对“元首”团第3营提供支援。Weidinger的“元首”团奉命夺取该路口并保持和LAH师南翼的联系。当第9连接近一小片房屋时，第823坦克歼击车营A连第1排的两门3英寸反坦克炮开始向德军车辆开火。9辆车包括6辆Sdkfz 251被击毁。许多从被毁的半履带车中逃生的装甲掷弹兵被机枪打死。无人能够发现美军的位置。LAH师“黑豹”坦克营引起的迟到使得“元首”团失去了对守军发起突然进攻的机会。Otto Weidinger和第3营营长在他们的指挥车处在攻击之下时，被迫躲进附近的农舍。当团长、营长和参谋躲在厨房的一张桌子下时，一发迫击炮弹在屋顶爆炸，让他们经受了碎渣和弹片的洗礼。幸运的是没有人受伤。

　　1000 时，“德意志”团第1营报告说经过和第120步兵团C连的苦战后夺取了Mortain。下午的余下时间里，小镇里仍然有零星的抵抗。第120步兵团C连的一个排和第120步兵团第2营残部在314高地上占据了掩体。一个战斗群（包括配属“帝国”师的第17SS装甲掷弹兵师的部队）未能动摇山顶顽强的美军。Mortain以东的 314高地, 提供给美军炮兵观测员极好的视野，数英里外一览无余。“德意志”团第1营得以和渗透进Mortain北郊的“元首”团第2营的部队会合。“元首”团消灭了第120反坦克连的一个排和第120步兵团F连连部排。在这次战斗中抓住的美军战俘后来志愿把烧伤的德军士兵送回“元首”团医疗站，这些德国士兵是两辆在 L'Abbaye Blanche附近被击毁的突击炮幸存的乘员。

　　1200时，“德意志”团第2营夺取了Romagny附近、Mortain西南的第一个目标。清早，该营先头部队在Romagny伏击了美军第120步兵团的I&R排。经过两个小时的战斗，除了三人得以逃脱，其他所有的美国人都被打死或俘虏。在夺取Romagny之后，“德意志”团第2营的一小群装甲掷弹兵在第2SS装甲团第6连的两辆IV号坦克支援下，攻击了美军第197野战炮兵营C连。美军很快从突然打击中恢复过来，奋力阻挡德军步兵几个小时。一名配属该炮兵连的卡车修理工用“巴祖卡”干掉了一辆坦克，两名乘员阵亡。德军另外伤亡六人，而美军阵亡一人，数人受伤。一辆美军卡车和一辆吉普车被德军坦克炮摧毁。看来浓雾再次帮助守军击退了突袭。

1400时，美军以战斗轰炸机和炮火回敬德军的反击。重炮和迫击炮猛烈轰击Mortain以北“元首”团的阵地。一群“德意志”团的党卫军躲在Mortain的一些房子里。其中一个人，或许是为了减轻紧张情绪，吹起了口琴。很快所有的德国士兵都唱起了《哦，美丽的莱茵河》。一个美军士兵，也在炮火中寻找掩护，一听到歌声就推开了门。他看着这些党卫军士兵，摇了摇头，嘀咕着“战争是快乐的事情”。德国人和发呆的战俘在炮击中都没有受伤。

　　1600时，美军炮击的停止使得德国人完全把部队在防御阵地展开并试图与友邻部队联系。“元首”团和“德意志”团已经在Mortain以西的高地上会师。然而，“帝国”师还没能与北面的“警卫旗队”师建立联系。在“帝国”师防线的中央是第17SS装甲掷弹兵师的战斗群。尽管进行了猛烈的炮火准备，但它未能夺取314高地。美军炮兵还击的炮火比“Gotz Von Berlichingen”师的更猛烈。在南面，“帝国”师装甲侦察营已经从Bonberouge到Mortain建立了阵地。

　　2100时，一个包括美军第105医疗营的救护车的车队从南边的Barenton驶来，闯入了“帝国”师装甲侦察营的前哨阵地。救护车中有第120步兵团第3营的15名伤员。德军把轻伤员抓为俘虏然后释放了车队的其他人员。

1944 年8月8日

　　0815 时，Ullrich战斗群（包括第17SS装甲掷弹兵师的一个步兵营和“帝国”师装甲团的一个IV号坦克排），攻击了Mortain西北285高地上的第120步兵团B连阵地。该战斗群曾于前一天上午攻击过这个高地并夺取了东半部分，但为此损失了至少三辆IV号坦克和许多人员。7/8日午夜刚过就开始了侦察活动，由此拉开了攻击的序幕。大约5到6名配备手榴弹和火焰喷射器的掷弹兵靠近了第120步兵团B连2排的阵地。一个美军前哨发现了这支侦察队，紧接着互掷手榴弹。德军把火焰喷射器投入战斗，但是操作失误，仅仅把一个美军士兵喷了一身油。当一枚手榴弹炸伤了好几个德军后，他们决定撤退，把火焰喷射器和一个重伤的掷弹兵丢在了后头。0815 时，三辆IV号坦克上前进攻美军步兵连，但是先导坦克在50米距离内被一门3英寸牵引反坦克炮（属于Francis J. Connors中尉的第823坦克歼击车营A连2排）击毁，其余坦克很快退了回来。美军开始炮击，以保证党卫军步兵不能继续进行失败的攻击。几枚炮弹落在美军阵地附近，迫使美军步兵和3英寸炮组成员躲进掩体。一辆被俘的“谢尔曼”坦克在“帝国”师装甲兵操纵下趁机渗透到美军步兵阵地，但当它意识到没有一个装甲掷弹兵能扩大战果时，“谢尔曼”又撤回德方防线。就在北面，Ullrich战斗群发起的进攻却成功得多，迫使第120步兵团A连撤后两道灌木篱墙。两门Connors中尉指挥的排的美军反坦克炮没有撤退，占据了第120步兵团A连和B连的突出部。

　　0900时，“帝国”师在Mortain周围部署如下：“元首”团部署在小镇的北边，第3营在美军L'Abbaye Blanche路障之上的278号三岔路与“警卫旗队”会合。“元首”团工兵连在“元首团”第3营右翼。美军第823坦克歼击车营A连1排，第120步兵团F连1排、2排仍然坚守路障。该日清早，攻击美军阵地未果，损失了两辆搭载75mm榴弹炮的半履带车和一辆弹药车，紧接着两辆“帝国”师的panzerspahwagen和一辆油罐车被“巴祖卡”击毁。“元首”团第2营占领了L'Abbaye Blanche以南的阵地，面对美军第117步兵团第2营和第629坦克歼击车营的部队（M10自行火炮）。美军这个营实际上只有一个连的兵力，因为两个连已经于前一天被分开支援其他部队。第117步兵团第2营也在8月7日晚对“元首”团第2营发起了一次失败的进攻，大约75人伤亡。

　　Fick战斗群，包括配属给“帝国”师的第17装甲掷弹兵师的部队,包围了在Mortain以东314高地上的第120步兵团第2营，但证明无法攻占美军防御阵地。这主要是因为Fick战斗群一有所行动，一个前沿观测组就召唤炮火。“德意志”团第1营和第2营分别防守Mortain和Romagny。Krag的装甲侦察营掩护“帝国”师的南翼。

1000 时，第7集团军指挥官Hausser视察了师指挥所。他告诉“帝国”师，在第47装甲军接收到元首允诺的额外坦克后，攻击将继续（第9装甲师将会转向Mayenne以封住81装甲军防线上的缺口）。

1400时，“帝国”师对第35步兵师的北翼发起反击。第35步兵师已经被投入Mortain以南，来封住第30步兵师（在Mortain）和第2装甲师（在南面的Barenton）之间扩大的缺口。Barenton位于Mortain和Mayenne之间，在那里，美军CCA、第3装甲师、第1步兵师和第90步兵师正在突破第81装甲军的防线。反击部队包括Krag的装甲侦察营、第2装甲师和第116装甲师的侦察部队，以及一个IV号坦克排和一个Willy Durr指挥的“黑豹”坦克排。Durr'的坦克夺取了第134步兵团加农炮连的一处阵地，打死七名美军，摧毁两门105毫米榴弹炮。IV号坦克排打垮了支援第134步兵团第1营的“谢尔曼”坦克排，击毁了五辆美军坦克而未遭受损失。一辆Durr的“黑豹”也击毁了两辆第654坦克歼击车营的M-10。反击还夺取了第134步兵团第2营的医疗站和同营的汽车场。许多医疗兵被俘，但因为坦克没有太多步兵支援，第134步兵团第2营营部没有遭受太大伤亡。在一辆“黑豹”和一辆IV号坦克被“巴祖卡”击毁后，两辆IV号占领了一处阵地，它跨越通向第134步兵团第1营和第2营的主要补给路线。两个美军营被切断了补给。很有趣的是，坦克乘员俘虏了几名第134步兵师的军官和第737坦克营的医疗兵，所有这些人都在被俘后又被释放。

　　1800时，在Romagny，第119步兵团第1营攻击了的“德意志”团第2营。炮火打伤了“德意志”团第2营营长Sturmbannfuhrer Schreiber。美军对Romagny发起了两次进攻，损失了两辆“谢尔曼”，两个步兵连伤亡数人。美军坦克在战斗中摧毁了一辆IV号坦克和一辆弹药车。在确信除非获得增援，否则对Romagny的进攻不会得手之后，攻击在夜间停止。

1944 年8月9日

　　0200时，夜间下达了新命令。“帝国”师在防御阵地上待命。何时恢复攻击还不清楚。

0900时，浓雾一散，美军战斗轰炸机就开始活跃起来。美军炮兵观测机给“帝国”师的前沿阵地带来了猛烈的炮火，“德意志”团第1营的阵地（Romangny附近）上尤为密集。

　　1100时，上午美军（注意，一定是第12步兵团从Juvigny方向攻击了“元首”团的阵地。其它几次在坦克支援下，美军还从北方和西北方发起几次进攻，但后来停止。几辆美军坦克被“铁拳”击毁。“元首”团的右翼颇受威胁。与“警卫旗队”的联系岌岌可危，伤亡巨大。西北的285高地被美军夺回，但经过反击后又回到德军手中。

　　1200时，12辆美军坦克出现在Barenton（在“帝国”师装甲侦察营以南）西北。德军第275步兵师的一个营（注意，这支部队于8月6日被美军第120步兵团第3营的一辆TF赶出）在镇子中构筑阵地A 一个“帝国”师参谋部人员组成的blocking group在师指挥所西南1.5千米处的266高地建立起来，以保护它免遭前进的美军<

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