[烛光生存狂]-德国sdkfz234轮式装甲车资料小集

Organization

During 1944 when the production of the SdKfz. 232 had ceased, a new organization had to be structured for the replacor – the SdKfz. 234 series. Several tables of organization & equipment was made up in 1944.

编成

当SdKfz. 232型于1944年停产后，一个新的系列：SdKfz. 234系列开始生产编成和替换232系列。一些编成和装备项目于1944年开始计划。

The armored reconnaissance battalion or Panzeraufkl鋜ungs-Abteilung which was included in the Panzer- or Panzer Grenadier divisions most often had 4-5 companies.

The Panzeraufkl鋜ungs-Abteilung consisted of a staff and support company and;

- 1 or 2 Panzersp鋒-Kompanie with recon vehicles

(armored cars & half-tracks SdKfz. 250/9)

- 2 Panzersp鋒-Kompanie organized as regular Pz.Gren. companies

(HT’s SdKfz. 250 & 251 and other terrain vehicles)

- 1 heavy company as support with light field howitzers, AT-guns, Pioniere etc

A battalions organization sometimes differed a lot to a similar unit in another division at another front, depending on when, where, and by what authority the unit was formed.

Two types of TO&E’s with SdKfz. 234 was structured during 1944:

装甲师或者是装甲掷弹兵师里的装甲侦察营多数装备4-5个连。

装甲驱逐大队包括人员和支援连，以及：

1--2个装备侦察车的装甲侦察连

装甲汽车& SdKfz. 250/9半履带车

2个编成等同于一般装甲掷弹兵连的装甲连

装备和HT's SdKfz. 250 & 251其他车辆

1个装备轻型榴弹炮、反坦克炮和Pioniere等的重装连

在不同前线的不同师里的营有时和其他类似单位有很大的不同，这个是取决于何时，何地以及上级单位的组成。

1944年开始有两种TO&E's装备SdKfz. 234

Panzersp鋒-Kompanie Typ A

Staff:

1 x SdKfz. 234/2

2 x K黚elwagen

4 x (2x2) kleines Kettenkrad

1-4 Platoon (Zug)

Each platoon with 6 x SdKfz. 234/2

Total:

25 x SdKfz. 234/2

Panzersp鋒-Kompanie Typ B

Staff:

1 x SdKfz. 234/1

1 x K黚elwagen

3 x kleines Kettenkrad

2 x BMW/Z黱dapp motorcycles

1-3 Platoon (Zug)

Each platoon with 6 x SdKfz. 234/1

4 (heavy) Platoon (schwere Zug)

6 x SdKfz. 234/3

Total:

19 x SdKfz. 234/1

6 x SdKfz. 234/3

The Panzersp鋒-Kompanie with armored cars often formed the first company in the Panzeraufkl鋜ungs-Abteilung. During 1945 a new TO&E was formed, and the Panzeraufkl鋜ungs-Abteilung got a mixed armored recon company with 16 armored cars, known as "gemischtes Panzersp鋒-Kompanie Typ F".

COMBAT TECHNIQUES

Quoting Heinz Guderians war diary, October 1st 1944:

作战战术

根据古德里安的作战日记，1944年10月1日：

"Panzersp鋒wagen is fast, moveable, lightly armored vehicles equipped with radio with a long range, great firepower but no armor piercing ammunition. As wheeled vehicles they are capable of crossing light terrain. They are the eyes of the battalion and only fight in self defense or to be able to complete their reconnaissance task. Using them as assault guns or tanks is forbidden. The armored recon group shall not be more than 3 vehicles.

装甲侦察车是一种配备有长程电台的，快速，高机动地轻型装甲车辆。具有高火力但是没有配备穿甲弹药。作为轮式车辆，她们可以通过并不太泥泞的地面，她们是营的“眼睛”，并只为了完成侦察任务而进行自卫战斗。把她们作为坦克或者是突击炮一样投入战斗是被严格禁止的。一个装甲侦察小组一般不超过三辆车。

"See much, but not be seen!"

Panzersp鋒-Kompanie excercise the tactical ground reconnaissance. Only in open terrain, when being followed or to protect withdrawal the company is used all together.

Panzeraufkl鋜ungs-Abteilung gain through reconnaissance and combat information for the rest of the division, and it is the divisions quickest fighting force. The battalion is committed to battle all together. To commit independent combat duties it must first be reinforced."

“尽可能的观察，但是不要被发现”

装甲侦察连执行战术地面侦察行动，仅在开阔地域，当被追踪或者是保护撤退的连队也是全部一起的。

装甲侦察营将搜集到的侦察及作战情报传送给师里的其他各部。装甲侦察营还是师里的反应最快速的作战单位。营总体投入战斗，在投入独立战斗中时，她必须是第一个被增援的。

COMBAT SERVICE

The combat record of the SdKfz. 234/2 "Puma" is best covered, while info about the other three variants are very scarce.

作战服役情况

SdKfz. 234/2“美洲狮”的作战记录是最全的，其他三种型号的记录非常缺乏。

Almost 500 SdKfz. 234 (all variants) were built until 1945. This number was sufficient enough to equip 20 companies, but with more than 50 Pz. Aufk.-Abt. within the Wehrmacht only, many units never possessed any 234’s.

到1945年为止，德国制造了大约500辆（包括所有型号）SdKfz. 234装甲车，已足够装备20个连，但是只有国防军陆军中超过50个装甲侦察营曾经装备过，其他许多单位从来未接收过任何一款SdKfz. 234。

The SdKfz. 234/2 was the first variant to reach the front units. The 2nd SS Panzer Division "Das Reich" was one of the first units to receive them. It had a battlegroup of brigade-size at the front in Ukraine in winter of 1943/44. On February 1st 1944 the recon squad in the battlegroup had a platoon with two SdKfz. 222 and two SdKfz. 234/2. If these were available when the group linked up with the division in France in May 1944 is unknown.

SdKfz. 234/2型是第一种投入前线的型号，党卫军第2装甲师“帝国师”是第一个接收她们的作战单位。在1943/44年春天，帝国师在乌克兰前线有一个旅级战斗群。1944年2月1日，在战斗群隶属的侦察分队中有一个装备了2辆SdKfz. 222和2辆SdKfz. 234/2的排，但是在战斗群于1944年与该师会合后，这些装甲车还能否继续使用却无法确定。

The newly formed Panzer Lehr division was given highest priority concerning supplies of new machines & equipment. The Panzer Lehr division, formed in France in January 1944, was equipped with a complete Panzersp鋒-Kompanie Typ A with SdKfz. 234/2 for the Pz. Aufk.-Abt. The company was originally the first in the battalion, but it was later reorganized as a part of the staff company.

新组建的装甲教导师在获得补给以及新武器装备上有最高优先权，该师在1944年1月在法国组建，下辖有一个完全以A级别装备SdKfz. 234/2装甲侦察连的装甲侦察营。该连最初是装甲侦察营中的第一连,但在随后重组为营部连的一部分。

The 1st SS Panzer Division "Liebstandarte Adolf Hitler" which was stationed in Belgium for refit and reorganization, reported on the 15th of June 1944 that it had 10 out of the supposed 16 SdKfz. 234. These were issued to the 4th Panzersp鋒-Kompanie in the Pz. Aufk.-Abt. They were all, most probably, SdKfz. 234/2 as the first 234/1 and 234/3 machines just had been assembled at the Daimler-Benz factory.

党卫军第一装甲师“阿道夫·希特勒旗队”在比利时休整时，报告在1944年6月15日还有10辆未确定有16辆SdKfz. 234，这些是属于该师装甲侦察营中的第四装甲侦察连。他们几乎所有的SdKfz. 234/2、SdKfz. 234/1以及SdKfz. 234/3都是刚刚从戴姆勒-奔驰工厂组装完成的。

Wehrmacht’s 2. Panzer Division also had SdKfz. 234/2 in France in the summer of 1944. They were all issued to the Pz. Aufk.-Abt. 1st Panzersp鋒-Kompanie.

Against the Allied invasion in June 1944 stood at least three Panzer divisions equipped with SdKfz. 234/2:

- 2. Panzer Division

- 1st SS Panzer Division "LSSAH"

- Panzer Lehr Division

国防军第二装甲师1944年夏天在法国同样装备有SdKfz. 234/2，她们是隶属于该师装甲侦察营的第一装甲侦察连。

在1944年6月抗击盟军的战斗中，至少有三个装甲师装备了SdKfz. 234/2:

- 两个装甲师：

- 党卫军第一装甲师“阿道夫·希特勒旗队”

- 装甲教导师

The Panzer Lehr Division’s Panzeraufkl鋜ungs-Lehr-Abteilung 130 was spearheading the divisions drive on the invasion area on the 8th/9th of June 1944.

装甲教导师的130装甲教导侦察营作为该师的先锋在1944年6月8日、9日进入作战地域。

Panzeraufkl鋜ungs-Abteilung 2 of the 2. Panzer Division engaged the allies for the first time with their 234/2 "Puma" machines, attacking elements of the US 26th Infantry Division in Caumont on the night to the 13th of June.

第二装甲师的装甲侦察营在战斗打响的第一时间用他们装备的SdKfz. 234/2“美洲狮”与盟军交战。他们在6月13日夜在Caumont攻击了美军第26步兵师的一部。

The 1st SS Pz. Div. "LSSAH" did not see combat until later.

党卫军第一装甲师“阿道夫·希特勒旗队”直到晚些时候才投入战斗。

The Normandy campaign ended in a disaster for the Third Reich, and its units were badly damaged. The

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