[烛光生存狂]-二战德国海军航空兵简介

http://www.feldgrau.com/articles.php?ID=37

http://blog.udn.com/zbv2004/186937

All German airborne maritime units, be they coastal or shipborne, were Luftwaffe manned & Luftwaffe controlled. However, with these maritime air units controlled by the Luftwaffe were observers from the Kriegsmarine seconded to the Luftwaffe for a four year period. Thus, the German Kriegsmarine did not actually control its own maritime air units during WWII.

Until 1939, all airborne maritime units came under the control of the OKL-Führer der SeeLuftstreitekrafte, which worked in close co-operation with the Kriegsmarine but was controlled directly by the Luftwaffe High Command. In 1939, the OKL-Führer der SeeLuftstreitekrafte was disbanded and replaced by the General der Luftwaffe beim Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine (Ob.d.M). This office was abolished in 1944 and responsibility for the remaining coastal and maritime units was placed under the control of the General der Aufklärungsflieger. Earlier in the war with the expansion of German occupied territory, coastal and maritime units were subordinated to the respective Fliegerkorps or Fliegerführer for operational purposes.

Of all the Luftwaffe controlled coastal and maritime units, the unit most closely intergrated with the Kriegsmarine was Bordfliegergruppe 196 (BFGr 196). Bordfliegergruppe 196 was formed in 1937, and went on to control a total of 6 staffeln. These 6 staffeln provided the aircraft used on various Kriegsmarine naval ships, such as the Bismarck and Tirpitz, and on the various German Cruisers, as well as many others. These aircraft took part in various reconnaisance, courier, patrol, and air support missions, although their task was mainly to serve in the recon role for the ship they served on. There are many documented cases of these reconnaisance-oriented aircraft actually engaging in air-to-air combat and combat air sweeps, so they did indeed see action in many different roles. The pilots of these onboard aircraft were controlled, trained, and provided by the Luftwaffe, while the Kriegsmarine provided liason support for the pilots, their training, and the ships they were stationed on.

Onboard aircraft were of mainly the floatplane type. They were stored above deck, usually within the center region of the ship on a small catapult used to launch the aircraft into the air. Upon completion of an onboard planes mission, it would land in the water near the side of the ship, after which an onboard crane would lift the aircraft out of the water and store it back in its launching place above deck.

The Luftwaffe also controlled the aircraft planned for use on the German Kriegsmarine aircraft carriers under contruction during WWII, all of which never reached completetion and never saw active service.

Further outside the realm of the Kriegsmarine, but close enough to maritime operations to warrent discussion here, were the various Luftwaffe controlled units that took part in anti-shipping attacks, coastal and sea reconnaisance, air-sea rescue, coastal patrol, and sea-minesweeping operations. The following is a listing of many of the Luftwaffe units that took part in all types of Sea related operations.

Bordfliegergruppe 196

Kampfgruppe zur besonderen Verwendung 108

Küstenfliegergruppe 106

Küstenfliegergruppe 406

Küstenfliegergruppe 506

Küstenfliegergruppe 706

Küstenfliegergruppe 906

Küstenflieger-Ergänzungsstaffel 138

Minensuch-Gruppe 1 der Luftwaffe

Seeaufklärungsgruppe 125

Seeaufklärungsgruppe 126

Seeaufklärungsgruppe 129

Seeaufklärungsgruppe 130

Seeaufklärungsgruppe 131

III./KG100

1. and 3./KG200

The Luftwaffe had many types of maritime aircraft within its arsenal. The following aircraft could be found operating from Kriegsmarine ships or in coastal and maritime related operations.

Ship based aircraft:

Heinkel He60C

Arado Ar196A-3

Heinkel He114A-2

Arado Ar197

Fiesler Fi167

Junkers Ju87B

Messerschmidt Bf109T

Arado Ar195

Other maritime aircraft:

Heinkel He115

Fokke-wolf Fw200 Condor

Blomm und Voss Bv222

Blomm und Voss Bv138

Junkers Ju88

Heinkel He111

Junkers Ju290

Donier Do18

Donier Do24

新用户注册返回首页
首页上一页下一页尾页页次1/1 转到第页