[烛光生存狂]-巴巴罗萨行动中的德国第101轻型步兵师

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About the 101 Leichte Infanterie Division.

Organized in the Wehrmachts-Befehlshabers Prag on Dec 10 of 1940 as one division of the 12 wave with one third of the 35 ID, border troops and fortress formations. Its first Commander was General der Artillerie Erich Marcks (10 Dec 1940 to 26 Jun 1941) then Generalleutnant Brauner von Haydringen.

OoB:

Infanterie-Regiment 228

Infanterie-Regiment 229

Artillerie-Regiment 85

Panzerjäger-Bataillon 101

Aufklärungs-Bataillon 101

Feldersatz-Bataillon 101

Pionier-Bataillon 101

Divisions-Einheiten 101

It took part in the Balkans Campaign (Op. 25 - Yugoslavia) under the LI AK (2º AOK) framework. Then was conveyed to Poland and deployed in the Przemysl area under the LII AK (Generalleutnant v. Briesen) / 17º AOK framework.

About the Infanterie Regiment 228.

Organized in the Wehrmachts-Befehlshabers Prag on Dec 10 of 1940 as part of the 101 Le. ID (12 wave) with elements of the IR 34, IR 109 and Festungs-Stamm-Bataillons 5.

Raised during the last days of Mar 1941 at Brdy woods then shifted southwards to Graz. On Apr 07 1941 started the Balkans Campaign thru the lower Steirmark and Slovein the Regiment moved on Marburg, the Drau river, Pettau and Krapina ending its movement on the Sava river west of Agram (Zagreb).

About the Infanterie Regiment 229.

Organized in the Wehrmachts-Befehlshabers Prag on Dec 10 of 1940 as part of the 101 Le. ID (12 wave) with troops of the Wehrkreises V. Balkans Campaign idem IR 228.

About the Artillerie Regiment 85.

Organized in the Wehrmachts-Befehlshabers Prag on Dec 10 of 1940 as part of the 101 Le. ID (12 wave) with the following elements: Staff from Artillerie-Regiment 300, its groups from Artillerie-Regimenter 300, 35 and 71. The I. to III. Abteilung (groups) with 7,5-cm l.FH (light howitzers) and 10-cm cannons, the IV. Abteilung with 15-cm. s.FH (heavy howitzers).

About the Pi Btl 35.

Organized in the Wehrmachts-Befehlshabers Prag on Dec 10 of 1940 as part of the 101 Le. ID (12 wave) with the following elements: Staff and the 2./ Pi Btl 35 (35. Infanterie-Division) and parts of Festungs-Pionier-Bataillon 305.

About the Panzerjäger-Abteilung 101

Organized with parts of Panzerjäger-Abteilungen 35 and 474 (two companies).

Aufklärungs-Abteilung 101

Organized with the Reiterschwadron (Cavalry) of Aufklärungs-Abteilung 111, the 2. Schwadron (Radfahrschwadron) was newly raised subunit.

Unternehmen Barbarossa - 22 Jun 1941.

The III./ IR 228 (Oberstleutnant Hans Kissel) had been deployed at Przemysl since 14 Jun 1941; the city was located on the San river, roughly 10 kilometers to the west of the point in which the river turns due north. The battalion was fully manned (more than 800 men from Baden - Wurttemberg mainly) and was organized with 3 rifle companies, 1 MG company (2 MG Platoons and 1 Mortar Platoon) and 1 support company (1 cannon 75 mm and 1 engineer Platoon).

The battalion had its bivouac at the school building, located in the town center on the north bank of the river which was approximately 60 meters wide on that point; to the west one destroyed road bridge could be seen and 200 meters to the east one rail bridge crossed the river; its structure, square in shape, was metallic.

On Jun 18 1941, the battalions commanders knew about “Barbarossa”; as was planned one battalion from another regiment (IR 229 ?) was to seize the rail bridge by means of one coup de main. The III./ JR 228 was to furnish fire support with its heavy weapons and carry out a mock attack through the San river. The II./ JR 228 to the left had the same mission; the I./ JR 228 was to act as reserve.

On Jun 20, the coup de main was cancelled, however the mock attack was to be accomplished.

On Jun 21 all the commanders knew that the operation “Barbarossa” would start on Jun 22 at 03:30 hours. At 23:00 hours the Battalion had reached its readiness area, at midnight the “Call to the Soldiers of the East Front” was read.

On Jun 22 at 03:00 hours a train, a large one, crossed the San river towards the german side; it was fadding slowly in the middle of the dark. The faithful hour was closer.

The attack.

At 03:30 hours sharp, the artillery opened up and the four divisional groups' shells of 105 mm and 150 mm, past whistling above us towards its targets on the opposite river bank. One hour later the infantry started to fulfill its task and our machine guns and mortars fired upon the hostile river bank.

The Regiment sent one reconnaissance patrol led by one Officer (1 Lt and 9 men) towards the russian bank with the following task: to cross the river and reach the key ground of Point 352 in order to obtain some information about the enemy actions and movements. The engineers Platoon brough forward 3 inflatable rubber boats, then, the patrol got across and pressed on towards its objective surpassing it. After that a short fire fight with infantry weapons could be heard on the distant beyond the hill.

At 06:00 hours the patrol went back and this time, 13 men could be counted for 3 enemy soldiers were taken as prisoners, one officer among them; seemingly he was the artillery chief on that spot. When was asked why did not open the fire he answered that they had not the order to do so.

In the meantime new orders had been issued, now the railway bridge was to be taken and one bridgehead should be established on the far river bank, so the Battalion Commander issued the following oral order:

Enemy: one infantry squad watch the bridge, it could be blasted anytime onwards.

The Pi Platoon was to storm the bridge wiping out the hostile squad in order to avoid its destruction.

The 14./ IR 228 was to furnish fire support with its machine guns and mortars. Own artillery was to lay one barrage on the bridge’s far end and the houses nearby.

The 11./ IR 228 should be ready at the bridge access and was to follow behind the Pi Platoon, surpassing it 200 meters after reaching the far bank in order to establish one bridgehead there.

The attack’s hour would be set up later.

The CP nearby the bridge access.

Fire support on Jun 22 1941. To the left, the railway bridge could be seen.

Finally the attack’s hour was set at 09:00 hours. When the artillery opened fire the Pi Platoon / IR 228 jumped off and raced towards the bridge’s end. The assault proceeded seemingly well but before the pioniers could reach the guard’s blockhouse, the enemy fired upon our men with machine guns and rifles. Especially accurate was the sharpshooters fire. The pioniers took cover as best as they could on the bridge and the firsts cries calling for help could be heard. The hostile fire increased and the assault Platoon was checked on its tracks.

The bridge destruction was expected at anytime, but it still lay there. One wounded Gefreiter went back and told that the mission was accomplished and that the Platoon Commander fell, among the firsts, due to headshot. He could neutralised the explosive devices shortly before his arm was hit; this explained why the bridge remained intact. But yet the Pi Platoon could be wiped out so the Divisional Commander, which was observing the assault from the Heavy Artillery Group OP together with the IR 228’s Commander ordered that the III./ JR 228 was to ford the San and establish one bridgehead between the road bridge (destroyed) and the railway bridge (intact), one Pi company was attached to the battalion.

The whole Battalion was assembled behind the school building and the following oral order was issued:

The enemy deployed in the bu

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Shortly after that the heavy artillery (150 mm) opened fire but the shells fell long. The Divisional Commander told you haven’t shoot then he acted as Forward Observer requesting fire for efect and now the shells hit the targets located 120 meters away on the second bank. Also the antitank gun (37 mm) could be heard firing over there. One fuel’s tank was burning and the hostile fire diminished, even, some enemy soldiers fled from the edge’s buildings.

At 12:05 hours the 11. Company jumped off, the pioniers carried four neumatics boats down to the river; shortly after the boats were on the water surface and manned. The infantry was conveyed towards the hostile river bank and disappeared into the buildings.

The III. Btl IR 228 getting across the river.

The enemy artillery did not answer the fire and the infantry’s resistance was weaker than expected. Nevertheless the fight in the buildings and streets spread out all over the city. One squad entered the electric power station and was engaged there by the workers, therefore one assault Platoon stormed it and seized the building. (11./ IR 228)

Meanwhile the 12. and 13. Companies (IR 228) launched the attack through the city, rejecting one russian counterattack coming from the slums. Both companies advanced up to Rynek, dworzec kolejowy and Plac na Bramie.

Fighting at Ratusza street.

At dusk the III./ IR 228 came back towards the german side through the railway bridge, on the russian side of it, one machine gun nest could be seen, inside lay dead a soviet lieutenant and close to it lay also the young german lieutenant, the Pi Platoon’s Commander, it seemed he was sleeping but the fateful campaign that just started claimed him as the first battalion’s victim.

Russian Lt Nieczajew KIA at the rail bridge.

The German graves. (U/K heroes)

The 11./ IR 228 held the small bridgehead till Jun 24 1941 by means of hard fights; that very night (24 Jun 1941) hostile troops could get close to the bridge taking advantage of the built up area so the german company had to cross back toward the first bank. One tank Platoon (beute panzers) was deployed in order to avoid the bridge destruction, nevertheless the russians could set the wooded parts afire.

Beute panzer.

The soviet troops deployed in the city (AFAIK) were HQ 8º Rifle Corps; HQ 99 RD (both withdrew towards the outskirts) and 197 RR under Col Opiakinow.

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特别提示：本帖子在 2009-3-15 12:57:00 由用户 412886049 编辑过

The fights in the Przemysl area - Jun 1941.

On Jun 25 1941, the III./ IR 228 had reached, as divisional reserve, the heights located east of Medyka, a big town built roughly 12 kilometers east of Przemysl.

In the meantime the 101 Le. ID had marched off during the night from 22 to 23 Jun 1941 crossing anew the San river at Walawa during the 23 and 24 of Jun 1941.

At noon the Divisional Commander arrived at the battalion’s CP sketching the situation about the open flank. The General told that hostile troops were approaching towards the San’s elbow since 23 Jun 1941 (soviet 99 RD?). In order to match this threat on Jun 25 1941, in the morning , the Pi Btl 101 and one Security Battalion carried out an attack and seized Medyka but without take the high ground south of the town nor reach the river’s elbow.

In order to assure the open right flank, the III./ IR 228 did receive the following order: To seize the high ground located to the south of Medyka, striking with its right wing along the track running westward. To this end the III./ AR 85, already deployed in the wooded terrain east of the town was attached.

Taking in account that the terrain there was coverless and the objective was strongly manned, the Battalion Commander proposed to take advantage of the woods stretched towards the southwest and launch the assault from the southeast or south for surprising the enemy. This course of action was granted.

Immediately was sent a patrol, under one officer orders, for reconnoitering the path. They must return in two hours. Meanwhile the heavy weapon and its ammunitions were taken out of the vehicles and loaded onto horses and the Company and Platoon leaders surveyed the objective that should be seized.

At 16:00 hours, the battalion moved out in column; as the point one recce patrol and the Pi platoon reinforced with one mortar squad (8,0 cm) and some machine guns. The Battalion Commander was marching there also , the battalion staff followed behind with the Forward Observer. In the thick wooded ground the air burned and the march was hard. The march speed was slow in order to maintain the contact between the elements. A russian patrol past without detect the battalion and the advance proceeded by bounds.

It was getting dark, the battalion commander assessed the situation, discarding the night attack. The unit could not get in contact neither with the regiment nor the division so one patrol was sent back towards the road that ran from Medyka to the east to inform about the situation. The battalion took an all-round position and spent the night laid within the woods.

At dawn the Battalion Commander, together with his company’s commanders, moved forward up to the wood’s edge for surveying the height and reconnoitering the readiness area. The slope and the surrounding field up to the wood, were covered with wheat.

Shortly afterwards the following order was issued:

The enemy occupy that height, around 2.500 meters from here, seemingly more densely on its north part.

The III./ IR 228 should get ready in this wood in order to attack and seize the before mentioned height.

Readiness area's foremost line: the wood’s edge.

Objective: the hill’s north crest.

Attack’s hour should be set later.

The Unit should be organized as follows: 12./ IR 228 to the right, 11./ IR 228 to the left; the boundary between the frontline companies runs towards northwest along the hill’s center. (should be marked by the Battalion's Adjutant on the map). Frontage 300/400 meters each company. The 13./ IR 228 should act as reserve, 400 meters behind; moving by bounds at my command. MG Company was to attach one machine gun platoon to each frontline company; it should be deployed between the first line and the reserve. Pi platoon attached to the 13./ JR 228.

The III./ AR 85 should furnish fire support for the attack on orders. The Forward Observer was to be linked with the Battalion's CP.

CP here, on the wood’s edge, later on the south crest.

Signal Platoon should maintain wireless communications with the frontline companies.

The companies were in its readiness areas when the advanced posts informed that one strong hostile reconnaissance patrol was moving towards the wood in loosing formation. The Oberstleutnant ordered “take cover, the two nearest squads: range 150 meters - fire at my command”.

When the enemy scout patrol reached as far as 150 meters from the wood's edge the fire order followed. Both squads opened fire on the opponent and the russian soldiers took cover in the wheat field. Now the Battalion Commander gave the attack order.

Soviet soldier moving ahead thru a wheat field - Jun 1941.

The frontline companies’ platoons left the wood pushing on towards the slope by bounds, the enemy’s survivors were taken as prisoners. The reserve company followed and behind it the heavy weapons (14./ IR 228).

Some earth movements could be observed on the south crest, these emplacements were not manned. The raising sun lightened up the large crest. The ground was cover by green wheat as far as the sight could reach. The western slope of the north crest was fully manned by enemy troops, part of them were in readiness towards the north (to Medyka). The battalion was to strike them, the 12. Company (to the right) raced against the crest, shortly behind was the 11./ IR 228. No one shot each other yet, but then the assault was detected; the left company received strong fire coming from rifles and machine guns, it was compelled to take cover. On the south crest, where was emplaced the CP, the bullets whistled over and shortly after that mortar shells were falling. One messenger fell mortally wounded in his chest. The liaison with the artillery could not be established yet and it remained silent. The Oberstleutnant issued the following order to the 14. Company: all the machine guns must support the company to the left. The weapons started its fire from the left of the CP and above the 11. Company, bringing relief to them. Now, the artillery opened fire as well; its shells fell among the hostile groups.

In the meantime the right company (12./ JR 228) had seized the eastern half of the north crest. The 12. Company was fired upon from its front and left wing, the right platoon’s leader (a lieutenant) was killed (head shot). The left platoon turned against the threat and the platoon’s leader charged down with two squads driving the enemy back. Due to the accurate fire furnished by the artillery and the machine guns the enemy resistance started to crumble. Shortly after, the 11. Company occupied the western half of the north crest and the soviets withdrew in disorder towards the northwest. The battalion had reached its objective.

The frontline companies had deployed in deep, the right company occupied a trench located on the north slope close to the Medyka’s graveyard. The 14. Company’s bulk moved forward, one mortar squad remained behind; one machine gun platoon should cover the open flank towards the southwest.

The enemy shelled the crest with mortars and artillery. On the crest still whistled rifle’s bullets; it seems that enemy soldiers were hidden in the wheat fields although they were behind the German lines.

The Divisional Commander arrived at the CP accompanied by men armed with machine gun pistols. On the spot he congratulated the battalion for its success. In the meantime the 13./ JR 228 had moved forward and it received the task of to establish defensive positions on the south crest covering the battalion’s back; the CP was placed on the eastern slope of the north crest to the east of a path easy to find. The Signal Platoon should establish radio communications with all the subunits.

The General (Erich Marcks ) moved back to Medyka, acco

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After sometime, the hostile artillery opened up, the heavy shells were falling close to the CP and to the rear; the Russian were looking for the Heavy Art. Group. The infantry also resumed its attack, but again the own artillery support compelled the attackers to halt. Some hostile tanks fired from Berschadsky; a duel between them and our antiaircraft Platoon emplaced to the right was established, one crewman was killed and other two were wounded, nevertheless the gun carried on till both red tanks blazed.

The batteries of 150 mm and the 88 mm guns spent all its ammunition; the supply train arrived just in time to repel one new attack (the third). Also several Me 109 helped the defenders, strafing especially the village and the reinforcements on the wood’s edge.

At noon the Russian had launched the four attack only to be rejected again. The kampfgruppe “K” Commander decided to annihilate the enemy by means of one counterattack; as he already knew that from the south should attack elements of the 239 ID, so he should try to envelop the enemy north flank and drive the soviet southwards. By that time already was raining. At 13:15 hours the Oberstlt ordered by phone the following:

1. The enemy already weakened by four failed attacks was to be annihilated by means of one counterattack.

2. Sich Btl 500 and AA 101 were to jump out at 14:00 hours after a fire blow furnished by the artillery.

First Objective: the wood’s edge. Elements boundary: the road.

Artillery (field and antiaircraft) was to furnish fire support during three minutes at 14:00 hours over Berschadsky; then was to support the Sich Btl 500’s attack. I’m trying to envelop the north flank.

Pi Company: after crossing the bridge, was to advance behind the Sich Btl 500.

Kampfgruppe CP was to move behind of the same battalion (Sich Btl 500).

At 14:00 hours o’clock the artillery unleashed its fire (in the meantime the rain ceased), the infantry jumped off for the attack, the AA 101 advanced well and soon afterwards entered the village, however the Sich. Btl 500 just started its movement for it wasn’t a tactical unit. The soviets tried to reach the wood speeded by the heavy shells. When the AA 101’s advance troops could reach the wood’s edge the contact with the opponent already had been lost; nevertheless liaison with one battalion belonging to the 239 ID coming from the south, was established. The kampfgruppe halted its attack and all the subunits leaders were assembled at Berschadsky.

Between 16:00 and 17:00 hours, the attack was resumed this time towards the north up to the Malaya Rudka line; the AA 101 moved west of the stream and the Sich. Btl 500 to the east, the artillery and the Pi company followed behind of the Sich. Battalion, the CP was established at the village without name south of Malaya Rudka. By nightfall the objectives were reached and on Sep 30 the old Security Line was held; the Corps’ northern flank was covered and the Poltawa bridgehead secured.

The first T-34.

October had begun when the 101 Le. ID was advancing from Poltawa heading north pursuing the retreating enemy. On Oct 06 1941 at noon, its IR 229 had seized the big town of Konsstantinowka (the objective for that day) where it was to spend the night together with the II./ AR 85 (attached to IR 229) and one San. Companie.

Throughout the town ran - northwest to southeast - the Gruskaja stream; its stream-bed had 30 - 40 meters of depth, dug in a gently sloped field dotted with little bushes and isolated trees.

Coming from the west reached the town the main road which joined the population’s western verge almost at 90º, crossed the stream by means of one old wood made bridge, rising quickly on the eastern river bank, which overlooked the western ones. One second road started at the northeast corner of the town, heading northwards.

Due to the last rains the roads and paths were all ruined. Went thru the bridge was especially hard while the soldiers on foot were all resting the advance of the artillery and supply trains was to last several hours yet.

The III./ IR 229 (reinforced with two antitank platoons, each with three 37 mm gun) should secure the Regiment lodging so was in charge of the town’s defense in case of enemy attack. According to this end the battalion had reconnoitered one defensive position on the high ground east of the village. Its MLR was occupied by security detachments reinforced with heavy weapons; the battalion’s bulk rested immediately behind, ready to be engaged when needed.

One antitank platoon was deployed on either sides of the main road heading eastwards; the other was deployed on the road that left the town from its north edge. Both platoons had a very good observation and shooting field towards the east.

At 14:00 hours, the Oberstleutnant moved out on foot to the high ground where the MLR should be established, due to his vehicle had bogged down in the mud. He approached up to the antitank platoon deployed south of the road and around 1000 meters from the wood made bridge. At this time some vehicles coming quickly from the east could be seen. Two enemy tanks; the gunners already had aimed to them since a while and the cannons were ready to fire. When the tanks came close, around 500 meters the order “Fire at will” could be heard and the three guns fired simultaneously. The shots reached its targets but the rounds bounced side wards and upwards.

Without any concern about the antitank fire, the tanks moved ahead as fast as they could; around 200 meters from the first houses they left the road turning northwards, shortly afterward appeared on the left flank heading towards the village’s center.

The antitank guns swiftly changed its front and resumed its fire, again with the same result; the shells knocked the side armor and bounced on it. The 37 mm cannons were useless against this new type of armored vehicle; its armor was stronger than the old types.

The Oberstleutnant went into the town to see what happened there. At the junction between the main street running north - south and the main road, he could ascertain that both vehicles were moving freely amid the houses. Were where the antitank cannons of 50 mm?. Several messengers were sent to find out them as well as the 105 mm artillery pieces. All these guns should reach the bridge inside the village as soon as possible.

Meanwhile, the tanks went back and for within the village; one of them met the San. Company which suffered many casualties. The landsers jump from house to house taking cover as the vehicles approached so that Dance among the houses went on for the time being. However the panic was averted as the riflemen could see how blind both monsters inside the town were.

Around 300 meters upwards the street, one tank was bogged down in a ditch that ran parallel to the road, so it was attacked with one explosive charge, but without success.

One antitank cannon of 50 mm which just arrived up to the wooden bridge was dragged upwards along the slope but in the meantime the bogged down tank could release itself and moved ahead along the main street; the tank and the antitank piece were to meet each other at the corner of the main street with the main road. However, at last moment, the armored vehicle turned to its left towards the town exit without seen the German gun.

The cannon took position at once and fired upon the tank from 50 meters, round after round till the tank finally stopped catching fire; the Russian crew survived and was taken as prisoners; they were all so young. The second tank tried to leave the village heading north but was taken by other cannon of 50 mm which opened fire from 25 meters; the vehicle drove roughly 100 meters in flames then stopped and blasted. The fight was over, it lasted almost one hour and a half; the tanks were a brand new type, the T-34. The prisoners told theirs captors that both tanks had as

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