[烛光生存狂]-苏联装甲车辆的伪装和标识简介

Armor Camouflage & Markings

by Thorleif Olsson

First of all: During the war, Red Army did not adapt standartised tactical marking system. Therefore it can be hard to tell that they used that pattern from that date until that date and so on, and it also differs a lot from the German camoflauge patterns.

Painting & marking the T-34/76

The most common pattern for T-34/76 tanks was painting the entire tank in dark green. They were painted like this in June 1941, and reached Berlin in April of 1945 in the same way. Various types of paints & shades of green was used, everything from very light green to black green. In the winter vehicles were painted with washable Type B paint, but sometimes even with water mixed with lime. Most often the vehicles turned out white-green. Rarely, in the summer a two color scheme was painted, green and dark earth or ground brown. Even more scarce were a three color scheme of green, dark earth and yellow or red. Some vehicles were painted with two contrasting shades of green. Geometric and numerical markings were used, and this system was a compromise between overall military secrecy and organized command system. For example a T-34/76 marked with "87" on the turret showed that the tank belonged to the 114th Tank Brigade. Tactical number consisted of two, three or four digits, combination of two numbers or combination of geometrical sign and numbers were used. In some units, organized markings system was used aloowing to specify e.g. company. Vehicles of the 1st Company had tactical markings beginning with "1" and from the 2nd Company with "2" and so on. In this case the second number was for platoon. Some Guards and Independent units had their own tactical markings such as geometric figures, letter etc. Sometimes tactical markings were mixed numbers and geometric figures. Tactical markings for the air recognition were also used, especially from 1943-45. During the battles at Don and Kursk white geometric figures were painted on top of the turret or engine compartment. During the Berlin operation from April 24th of 1945, special markings were applied as white stripes on the top and side of the turret. It was done with the knowledge of the high command for recognition by Allied airforce in the eastern and western Germany. From May 1st of 1945, white triangles painted on top of the turret were introduced.

On the sides of the turret and sometimes on the hull, patriotic or fundator signs were painted, few examples:

"Za Rodinu" (For the Motherland)

"Za Stalina" (For Stalin)

"Lidice" (Revenge for the German massacre on civilians in Czech village of Lidice)

They were applied using either white, yellow or red paint. On some tanks symbols for destroyed enemy equipment were painted on either the gun barrel or fenders. Very rarely national emblem was applied.

A red star was painted on the frontal part of the turret above or below the tactical marking. Very rarely it was painted on the front of the recoil mechanism of the tank gun (below the barrel). In Guards units, sometimes guard emblem was applied on the turret.

Soviet camoflauge patterns

Brown

Green

Green & White

Green & Dark Earth

Green & Dark Earth & Dark Yellow or Dark Red (similar to German three-tone scheme)

Winter Whitewash

Middle Bronze Green (On British Lend Lease vehicles)

Olive Drab (On American Lend Lease vehicles)

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