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作者信息   主题: 1940年6月5-9日在亚眠南部的战斗3885

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  发表时间: 2008-9-9 21:24:04             

特别提示:本帖子在 2008-9-9 21:24:55 由用户 412886049 编辑过

http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=54&t=140163
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THE BATTLE SOUTH OF AMIENS JUNE 5-9, 1940
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– The French artillery fighting the Panzers -
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On June 5, the German XIV.Panzerkorps (9.PzD, 10.PzD, 13.ID (mot), 9.ID and "Grossdeutschland" regiment) assaults the French positions south of Amiens on the Somme River. The 14-20 km front is hold by the 16e DI supported by 2 companies from 12e BCC (26 Renault R35 tanks) [whereas a complete infantry division is supposed to defend a front of 5-7 km]. This assault is part of the general offensive launched by the Germans for the second stage of the campaign of France and known as Fall Rot. If the German divisions are at full tank strength they could have launched 418 tanks against the French positions.
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9.PzD
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Panzer I: 30
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Panzer II: 54
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PzBef: 12
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Panzer III: 41
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Panzer IV: 16
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--> Total = 153 tanks
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10.PzD
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Panzer I: 44
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Panzer II: 113
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PzBef: 18
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Panzer III: 58
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Panzer IV: 32
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--> Total = 265 tanks
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Nonetheless, the 9.PzD and 10.PzD are already reduced to 50% of operational tanks on June 5 and have only about 225 tanks. The 10.PzD is already reduced to 180 tanks before the battle and therefore the 9.PzD can probably rely only on 45 operational tanks. There are also the 6 Sturmgeschütze III (assault guns) from Sturmgeschütz-Batterie 640, which are attached to the "Grossdeutschland" infantry regiment. There are also theoretically about 140 armored cars in the Aufklärungs-Abteilungen (reconnaissance "battalions") of the different divisions involved. Therefore the German launch probably about 300 AFVs (not counting here all the armored personal carriers) and roughly about 60,000 men against about 15,000 French troops supported by only 26 tanks.
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With General Weygand having replaced General Gamelin as the head of the French troops, the obsession of always trying to reconstitute a continuous front has been abandoned. According to their new tactics, the French troops are organized in strong points in the towns and woods and in a depth of about 10 km. These hedgehogs include infantry, AT mines, Hotchkiss Mle1914 MGs, 25mm and 47mm AT guns but also 75mm field guns used in an AT role. They are organized for a 360° defense. The advancing German tanks are rapidly cut from their supporting infantry and confronted on the rear by the French artillery batteries (75mm Mle1897 field guns, 105mm Mle1913 field guns, 155mm C Mle1917 and 155mm GPF field guns) engaging them in direct (75mm field guns but also the 105mm field guns) and indirect fire. On June 8 and 9, the 16e DI rears are reinforced by the 24e DI. After 5 days, the German operation failed in that area and the Germans sustained heavy losses. The XIV.Panzerkorps is then moved from this area and engaged behind the XVI.Panzerkorps near Péronne, where the German assault is more successful. The German troops lost about 135 tanks in that battle (destroyed or transiently damaged), including many definitely destroyed ones especially against French artillery batteries firing directly on the enemy tanks. The 2 French divisions have nonetheless lost 60-70% of their strength and manpower but they have blocked the advance of a Panzerkorps, which was finally directed against a neighbouring part of the front. The isolated hedgehogs fought generally until the end or until the exhaustion of all ammunition. These units were not even peace time units but only reserve units. Unlike in Gembloux (May 14-15, 1940) the French troops had no strong artillery support, first because artillery batteries were engaged in direct fire missions against the German tanks, and second because once the German tanks had bypassed the strong points they were pouring like swarms on the French rears, engaging the HQs, heavy artillery batteries and supply columns. The artillery batteries could then not provide indirect fire support anymore and had to fight in self-defense against the enemy tanks. The strong points were therefore often left with there own mortars to provide support to the infantry. As usual, the German tanks almost always avoided contact with well set up defenses (or in other case French heavy tanks) and went elsewhere to break through the lines, letting the infantry, artillery and aircraft deal with the strong points cut from their rears. After this battle the number of operational tanks of the XIV.Panzerkorps dropped dramatically (at least transiently): on June 8, the 10.PzD was left with 60 tanks only and the 9.PzD with 30 tanks only. The remnants of the 16e DI and 24e DI will continue to fight after this battle like for example on the "Chauvineau Line" near Paris.
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The aim of this article is not to describe the whole battle, which would require writing a whole book. Based on the testimony of Jacques Riboud, a forward artillery observer in one of the main strong point we will simply see what happened in a particular area of the front. We will also try to describe what happened on the rears of the strong points, how the French artillery fought the Panzers and how the 19e GRDI and the French tanks launching counter-attacks along with the arrival of the 24e DI behind the 16e DI stopped definitely the German advance in this area. Jacques Riboud's "Souvenirs d'une bataille perdue" has already been published in 1994 but I discovered this book in its 2006 edition. Jacques Riboud was a Lieutenant and forward observer in a reserve horse-drawn heavy artillery regiment equipped with 155mm C Mle1917 Schneider howitzers (237e RALHD from the 16e DI). In civilian life he has been on the "Ecole des Mines" and was an engineer later specialized in petrol chemistry. After the campaign of France, Jacque Riboud left France and went to the USA in March 1941 since he was married to Nancy Riboud (originally Nancy Bowe). He was interrogated a long time by the US intelligence services about the battles and especially about the combat between the French artillery and the German tanks.
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