[烛光生存狂]-罗马尼亚坦克王牌的故事

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2008-5-3 17:06:09 由用户 412886049 编辑过

Ion S. Dumitru was born on 1 March 1921 in Robanesti-Dolj. He went to high school in Craiova and then in the military high school in Timisoara, which he finished among the first in 1941. Two years later, in 1943, he finished the Infantry officer School in Buchreast and on 1 July he was promoted to the rank of sublocotenent (2nd lt.) and assigned, at request, to the 1st Tank Regiment, which was in the process of restructuring after the 1942 Stalingrad campaign at Targoviste.

Ion S.Dumitru1921年3月1日生于罗马尼亚的Robanesti-Dolj。他在克拉约瓦(Craiova)的高中完成学业后进入位于蒂米什瓦拉(Timisoara)的军事学校，1941年以全校第一名的成绩毕业。两年后，也就是1943年，他从布加勒斯特(Buchreast)的步兵军官学校毕业。7月1日他被晋升为少尉，根据他本人的要求，他被分配到了第一坦克团。此时的第一坦克团在斯大林格勒战役后在特爾戈維什泰(Targoviste)整编。

He specialized in tank warfare in the Tank Training Center at Fallingbostel/Hanover of the 6th Panzer Regiment.

In March 1944, the 1st Armored Division (Greater Romania Division) was transferred to the front in Moldavia. A part of it the Cantemir Detachment had been on the front from early 1944.

他被送到了第六装甲团位于法灵博斯特尔/汉诺威的坦克训练中心，进行专门的坦克战学习。1944年3月，第一装甲师被送到了摩尔达维亚（Moldavia）。Cantemir Detachment作为师的一部分从1944年初期就开始前线作战。

They were now kept in the reserve of the 4th Army. In the morning of 20 August, when the Jassy-Kishinev (Iasi-Chisinau) Operation had already started, the tankers were in their machines ready for action.

他们现在是罗马尼亚第4集团军的预备队。8月20日清晨，当雅西——基什尼奥夫战役Jassy-Kishinev (Iasi-Chisinau，就是苏联人说的“十次打击”中的第七次)开始的时候，坦克手们已经严阵以待。

The 1st Tank Regiment was the spearhead of the counter-attack launched by gen. Korne's 1st Armored Division against the flank of the Soviet tank columns. At about 10 am, the regiment ran into a Soviet tank formation near the Scobalteni village and engaged it. The fighting lasted until 8 pm (10 hours) and the casualties were high: 60 Soviet tanks, 20 Romanian tanks. After several IS tanks were knocked out, the Soviets chose to disengage. It is not known how many tanks did slt. Dumitru destroy that day, but given his performance in other battles the following days, probably at least one.

第一坦克团作为Korne将军指挥的第一装甲师的先头部队率先发动反击，从侧翼打击苏联坦克部队。大约在早上10点，坦克团在Scobalteni村附近遭遇到一支坦克部队并很快发生了交战，战斗一直持续到晚8点。双方的损失都很惨重，苏联人损失了60辆坦克，罗马尼亚人损失了20辆。在损失了几辆IS坦克后，苏联人主动脱离了战斗。在这天的战斗中不清楚Dumitru少尉究竟击毁了几辆坦克，不过根据他在接下来的战斗中的表现来看，可能至少取得了一个战果。

The Soviets changed their tactic and called in several aircraft which dropped smoke bombs. The regiment was situated on both sides of the highway. During the confusion created a Soviet tank formation rushed in on the road, while the Romanians wee unable to fire, for fear of hitting their comrades. Thus the regiment was encircled.

苏联人随即改变了战术，召唤了几架飞机投掷了烟雾弹。坦克团被部署在公路的两侧。在混乱中一个苏联坦克编队冲入了公路，此时的罗马尼亚人担心误击到自己人所以没有办法进行射击。之后坦克团被包围了。

In the meantime, slt. Dumitru's tank was immobilized and he took over another tank from his platoon. In the evening, when some of the officers gathered to discuss the situation and find a solution. The chief communications officer reported that a BBC communiqué mentioned the fact that the 1st Armored Division was destroyed and that the remains had been captured.

与此同时,Dumitru的坦克发生了故障无法行动，他只能从自己的排里重新接受了一辆坦克。当天晚上，一些军官聚拢在一起商讨目前的局势和解决方法。联络军官提到在BBC广播中说到第一装甲师已经被击溃，余部被俘获。

The decision was to retreat off-road under the cover of darkness. However, during the escape the columns got separated and thus, slt. Ion Dumitru found himself in command of 13 T-4s (Pz IV) and 3 TBs (SPW 250), which made it safely to the village of Stornesti, where there was a company of motorized infantry.

于是决定在夜色的掩护下开始撤退。不过，在撤离过程中部队被打散了。Ion Dumitru发现自己现在手上有13辆T-4和3辆TB，在他的指挥下车队顺利的到达了Stornesti村。并遇到了一支摩托化步兵连。

The next morning, about 25 German Stugs came rushing over the hill towards the Romanian positions, on the hill top behind them stopped two motorize AT batteries which positioned the guns to fire in the Germans, without seeing the Romanian positions. Slt. Dumitru ordered to open fire with HE shells and the ZIS-3s were blasted away, together with four Ford trucks.

第2天早晨，大约25辆德军突击炮准备越过一座小山到达罗马尼亚人的阵地。在山顶的时候德军后侧遭到刚刚赶到的两个苏军摩托化反坦克炮连的攻击，但苏军没有发现罗马尼亚人的位置。Dumitru命令坦克发射榴弹，很快ZIS-3反坦克炮和四辆福特卡车被击毁。

Soon came a motorcycle with a message from gen. Korne who was on a hill further away and had seen the battle. The order was to retreat and to take in his formation the general's personal tank. The formation reached the village of Boghicea where there was another motorized infantry company and a 150 mm howitzer battery. The tank company took a defensive position. Later, Romanian motorized infantry appeared, followed closely by a Soviet column. The tanks and the howitzers opened fire and repulsed the Soviets, causing them heavy casualties.

不久一名传令兵带来一个Korne将军的消息说他在山的另一边看到了这场战斗。他命令Dumitru撤退并将Korne将军本人的坦克编入Dumitru的部队中。部队到达了Boghicea村。那里还有一个摩托化步兵连和一个150mm榴弹炮连。坦克连进入了防御阵地。不久一支罗马尼亚人的摩托化步兵连出现了，在他们身后苏军正在步步逼近。占据防御阵地的坦克和榴弹炮随即开火给苏联人造成了很大的损失。

The infantry and the guns left after that. The tanks followed them after an hour and headed to Bara, where again it engaged Soviet troops. The nightfall caught them on the hill near the village Sagna. On 22 August, the Soviet artillery forced then to retreat. They crossed the river Siret, passed through Roman and stopper in the village of Sabaoani, where there was also an AT ditch, guarded by a pioneer company. The next day, on 23 August, four German towed 75 mm Paks arrived and took positions between the tanks.

战斗结束后步兵和火炮再次开拔，坦克跟着他们一个小时后在Bara再次和苏联部队交火。傍晚时他们赶到了Sagna村附近的山边。8月22日，苏联炮兵迫使他们继续撤退。他们穿过了Siret河，到达了Sabaoani村。那里有一条由工兵连防守的的反坦克战壕。第二天，也就是8月23日，来了四门德国的牵引75mm Pak反坦克炮，在坦克之间占据了发射位置。

A Soviet column, more than 20 tank strong, approached the ditch in the afternoon. As agreed with slt. Dumitru, the pioneers blew up the passageway when the Soviets where 100 m away. The Soviet tanks changed their formation to line abreast and advanced towards the ditch, supported by their infantry. They did not see the T.4s and Paks in the forest 700 m away from the ditch, until it was too late. The tanks and Paks fired. Dumitru had ordered his men to fire only at his command, to save ammo. All was over very quickly. 22 burning carcasses remained on the field. Dumitru probably destroyed another tank on this occasion.

一个有20辆坦克的苏联部队在当天下午出现在村庄附近,按照Dumitru的命令,在苏联人接近到100米的时候工兵们引爆了爆炸物.苏联坦克改变了他们的阵形,在步兵的掩护下并排向反坦克战壕前进.他们没有看到距离战壕大约700米外的树林中埋伏着的T-4坦克和Pak反坦克炮，一切都太晚了.为了节约弹药,Dumitru命令部下按照他的指挥进行射击.很快,苏联人在丢弃了22辆坦克残骸后撤退了.在这次战斗中Dumitru可能又取得了一个战果.

After an hour, the tanks left Sabaoani. On the road they joined 6-7 tanks and 3 Stugs and crossed the river Moldova.

一个小时后,坦克离<

发表主题： 891
发表回复： 1979
网站暂行积分： 4652

【人类幸存者】

不错不错，不过最好有更详细一点的资料，呵呵。

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2008-4-10 21:36:53 由用户 412886049 编辑过

Cpt. Radu Balacescu was born on 12 December 1913 in 布加勒斯特(Bucharest). He graduated the Cavalry Officer School in 特爾戈維什泰(Targoviste) in 1933 and, after serving several years in the 5th Rosiori Regiment, he went to the Special Cavalry School in 锡比乌(Sibiu), which he finished second out of 46 officers.

He took part in the 1941 campaign on the Eastern front with the 9th Rosiori Regiment Regina Elena from the 6th Cavalry Division, as squadron CO, fighting in 比薩拉比亞(Bessarabia), Western Ukraine, all the way to North of the亞速海(Sea of Azov), where lt. Balacescu distinguished himself during the fights at Adamovich and Oblitovshnaya. He was awarded the Mihai Viteazul Order 3rd class for his deeds during that battle. In 1942 the 6th Cavalry Division was involved in the August offensive in the 高加索山脈(Caucasus). Cpt. Radu Balacescu was wounded by a mortar shell in the battles around 田留克(Temryuk). He was admitted in the Military Academy. In 1943, when he was again on the front, he was wounded at the liver. He returned to Romania and graduated from the Military Academy in 1944 and was assigned to the Mechanized Troop Command.

After 23 he was sent to the front with the rest of the Mechanized Corps (the former Mechanized Troop Command), at his own request, after growing tired of the desk job he had received since early 1944.

On 7 September he acted as liaison to the General Niculescu Mechanized Group, located at Cornesti (in 特蘭西瓦尼亞(Transylvania), between the 8th Motorized Cavalry Division and the 9th Infantry Division, facing troops from the Hungarian 2nd Armored Division. Because the less experienced Romanian tankers were hesitating to attack the village, he took personal command of the detachment and, in cooperation with troops from the 34th Infantry Regiment, he entered the village and retook it, destroying two enemy tanks.

During the night, a Hungarian counterattack retook the village. On 8 September cpt. Balacescu received again the command of a detachment that had to take the village. With two tanks, one commanded by him and the other by plut. Trifan Colan, he advanced to the center of the village where the machines were immobilized by several Faustpatrone hits. Cpt. Balacescu and several of the crewmembers that survived continued to fight from the houses nearby, while trying to return to the Romanian positions. He was wounded by machine-gun fire in the left hip and shoulder and in the belly. He managed to crawl into the courtyard of the Eastern Orthodox church, where he reportedly was killed by two locals. He was later awarded the Mihai Viteazul Order 3rd class with swords , being among the 19 men who received both the 1941 and the 1944 models during WW2.

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2008-3-31 22:34:14 由用户 412886049 编辑过

Cpt. Ioan Cernea was born on 28 January 1900 in Galata, near Iasi/Jassy. In 1943 he was the CO of the 55th Tank Company, equipped with T-38 tanks (Romanian designation for the CKD LT VZ 38 ), which was subordinated to the Mountain Corps.

On 1 November 1943, the 4th Ukrainian Front started the first offensive in Crimea. It managed to establish a bridgehead south of the 锡瓦什海(Sivash Sea). This bridgehead was contained by the Romanian 23rd and 24th Mountain Battalions, the 2nd Battalion/4th Artillery Regiment and 37th AT Company (from the 1st Mountain Division) and 15th Mountain Battalion and 53rd Tank Company (from the 2nd Mountain Division), which were under command of col. Grigore Balan, the deputy CO of the 2nd Mountain Division.

The tank company arrived at Karanky during the night of 3/4 November 1943. The following day, cpt. Cernea led his 12 tanks against the Soviet positions on Hill 19.2 and overran them, advancing 9 km northwards. His tank was hit probably by an AT gun and he was killed. By the end of November 1943, his company had lost 9 out of 12 tanks. Cpt. Cernea was later awarded the Mihai Viteazul Order 3rd class posthumously.

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

Other tank commanders that received the Mihai Viteazul 3rd class:

1. lt. Dinu Marin Georgescu, from the 2nd Tank Regiment, KIA on 17 July 1941.

2. slt. (r ) Gheorghe Sotir, from the 1st Tank Regiment, who distinguished himself at Tomai, Vosnicei, Plahteevka and Lihtental, where he was eventually killed in action in his tank.

3. cpt. Nicolae Mitu, from the 1st Tank Regiment, who commanded the attack that captured Franzfeld on 24 August, during the battle of Odessa.

4. slt. (r ) Alexandru Oltei, from the 1st Tank Regiment, who commanded a tank platoon in the fights around Franzfeld on 24 August.

5. cpt. Florea Parvanescu, from the 1st Tank Regiment, who distinguished himself in the fights at Osinovsky during November 1942, whern the 1st Armored Division was struggling to escape destruction at Stalingrad.

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2008-3-31 22:37:01 由用户 412886049 编辑过

Cpt. Florea Parvanescu (mentioned in the list above) was born on 11 March 1910 at 特努马革力力(Turnu Magurele). In November 1942 he commanded the 8th Medium Tank Company of the 1st Tank Regiment/1st Armored Division.

On 20 November 1942, his company attacked Soviet troops near the Winterlager farm in cooperation with the 4th Medium Tank Company. One artillery battery, 4 AT guns and numerous mortars were destroyed. Seven T-34s counterattacked his company and he destroyed 4 of them.

On 23 November 1942, at Ossinovsky, for seven hours, he stopped the charge of Soviet cavalry that could have infiltrated behind the 3rd Motorized Vanatori Regiment.

On 26 November 1942, at 3 km south of Chernicheskaya, he led a formation of six tanks without infantry or artillery support against enemy positions north and norteast of the vilage and destroyed 4 AT guns, 10-12 AT rifles, numerous mortars and machine-guns. The same day he entered with 2 tanks under the command of hptm. Mielenhausen, in the attack on Varlamov to clear a German panzergrenadier company. The mission succeeded and the company was saved.

As mentioned above, cpt. Parvanescu was awarded the Mihai Viteazul Order 3rd class for his deeds during late 1942.

Source: Tanchistii by col. dr. Constantin Ucrain and lt. col. Dumitru Dobre.

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2008-3-31 22:44:59 由用户 412886049 编辑过

Cpt. Arcadie Duceac was born on 30 August 1909 in Dragoiesti.

In December 1942 campaign he commanded a tank company made up of the remains of the 1st Tank Regiment from the fighting in November 1942. His unit was assigned to support the 3rd Motorized Vanatori Regiment on the Chir front. On 19, 21 and 22 December he intervened while the regiment was defending the heights south of Chernichevskaya and caused many casualties to the enemy. During the retreat southwards on 24 December 1942, his company formed the rearguard and managed to hold the enemy for 8 hours, also allowing the 22nd Panzer Division to retreat.

During the fighting near Solotovsky on 25 and 26 December, cpt. Arcadie Duceac counterattacked together with the 1st Battalion/3rd Motorized Vanatori Regiment the Soviet troops that had managed to enter the northwestern corner of the village. He drove his tank in the enemy lines and destroyed 4 mortars that were firing upon the village. The tank was set on fire by enemy AT weapons, but he brought it back to Romanian lines and then evacuated it to be repaired.

He was awarded the Steaua Romaniei Order Knight class with Virtute Militara ribbon, for his actions during the 1942 campaign.

In August 1944 he was on leave when the Jassy-Kishinev started and did not see any fighting. According to the memoirs of lt. Ion S. Dumitru (read the first story in the thread) he encountered him on the front, where he attempted to take over several stray formations retreating south, including that of Dumitru. The situation ended in direct conflict between the two. It is obvious his memoirs, that Ion Dumitru did not like him at all and considered him a poor officer. But that may have been his subjective opinion.

In the March-May 1945 campaign of the 2nd Tank Regiment as part of the Soviet 27th Tank Brigade in Czechoslovakia and Austria, cpt. Duceac commanded the 1st Company/2nd Tank Battalion, equipped with the ancient Renault R-35 tanks. During the first action of his unit he supported the attack on Dol. Pial carried out by the 43rd Rifle Regiment/93rd Rifle Division on 26 March. The attack succeeded. It also stopped a German counterattack by infiltrating and destroying the artillery group that supported it. But the company lost several tanks and two of its officers. His company suffered more casualties the following days.

On 17 April he took over a mixed tank company made up of the remains of the regiment: one T-4 (Pz IVH) platoon, one TAs (Stug IIIG) platoon and one R-35 platoon. At the time, the 2nd Tank Regiment was supporting the 4th Rifle Division. On 18 April it captured Wilfersdorf and on 19 Aspern. At 1800 hours german tanks and infantry attacked the Romanian company, but they were repulsed, loosing two tanks, one SPW, two AT guns and 12 machine-guns, most of the kills probably being achieved by the T-4 platoon of slt. Iosif Forgaci. The Germans retreated towards Eibenstahl. The following the fighting continued around that location. The company repulsed another counterattack, damaging two German tanks and two SPWs, while loosing a R-2 tank. Later that day, the Romanian company received the task to flank the German positions. The mission succeeded withoput problems, because apparently the Germans thought the tanks where reinforcements (Pz IVH and Stugs).

The 27th Tank Brigade returned to Czechoislovakia and between 25-30 April, cpt. Duceac's company was engaged near Musov-Nova Ves, supporting the 409th Guards Division, in some bitter fights with German infantry and Panthers (tanks that have little to fear from Duceac's unit). On 7 May 1945, the mixed tank company, reduced to several T-4s and R-35s took part in the initial fights of Operation Prague near Pasohlavki. After that the fighting practically ended as the advance wasn't challanged any more, as the war in Europe was close to its end.

Cpt. Duceac was awarded the Mihai Viteazul Order with swords 3rd class after the war. Although he lost many tanks while commanding the 1st Company/2nd Battalion, I must also take into account that the R-35s were obsolete in 1945 and easy prey for German AT weapons. At the command of the mixed company, which included modern medium tanks and support guns, cpt. Duceac obtained better results, even though he apparently did not "lead from the tank".

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2008-3-31 22:48:58 由用户 412886049 编辑过

I have updated the initial short story on lt. Alexandru Velican.

On 20 November 1942, during the attempt of the 1st Armored Division to link up with the 22nd Panzer Division, of which it had been isolated the previous day, the Romanian tankers were engaged in several heavy fights with Soviet mechanized forces. Slt. Alexandru Velican was a T-3 platoon leader in the 1st Tank Regiment. That day, the Romanian Pz IIIs were fighting around Winterlager farm. He led his platoon in the Soviet artillery position, destroying a battery, several AT guns, mortars and AT rifles. The regiment was counterattacked by Soviet armor after noon. By 1500 hours he had already destroyed 2 T-34s, when his tank was hit by an AP shell and the driver was killed. However, he remained in his tank with the rest of the crew and continued to fight until they ran out of ammo. He destroyed another T-34, raising the total to three that day.

The following day, slt. Velican distinguished himself once again, by destroying an AT gun and several AT rifles and repulsing a Soviet attack on the regiment's flank, during the retreat towards Bol. Donchinskaya. He was later awarded the Mihai Viteazul Order 3rd class.

Another two officers who who received the Mihai Viteazul Order 3rd class for the fighting around Winterlager on 20 November 1942 were cpt. Victor Stroescu, the CO of the tank company (posthumously) and slt. Gheorghe Budu, whose exploits are unknown to me however.

By the summer of 1944, Alexandru Velican had been promoted to the rank of locotenent (1st lt.) and was CO of the 1st Company/1st Battalion of the 1st Tank Regiment from the 1st Armored Division of brig. gen. Radu Korne. On 20 August 1944, when the Red Army launched the Jassy-Kishinev Operation, the 1st armored Division executed a counterattack in the flank of the Soviet forces that had penetrated the front line. The 1st Tank Regiment, isolated from the rest of the division, engaged a Soviet armored spearhead at 1 km south of Scobalteni on the road from Dobroscani to Podu Iloaiei. In fact just the 1st Tank Battalion and the regimental command platoon – all the T-4 tanks available. The 2nd Battalion equipped with Stug IIIGs did not take part in the action. Lt. Velican’s company held the right flank of the regiment and was the first to enter the battle, because of the dominant position of the hill he was positioned on. The Soviet AT guns and tanks hidden in the outskirts of Scobalteni damaged and immobilized 3 tanks from his company. He stopped the advance and adopted a defensive formation. Soon JS heavy tanks appeared in the Soviet lines and four of them advanced toward the Romanian lines in open field, but were knocked out by the concentrated fire of the 1st and 2nd Tank Companies. The fighting continued until nightfall and the regiment was eventually encircled. During it broke the encirclement and retreated southwards. However, in the process, the columns got separated. Lt. Velican ended up with only 7 tanks under his command and in the following days fought delay actions. He later met up with 3 stray Stug IIIGs and in the evening of 23 August, at Pildesti, with elements of the 2nd and 3rd Tank Companies (14 tanks), under the command of slt. Ion Dumitru. Together they continued the retreat south after 24 August, until they encountered other tanks of the regiment and lt. Col. Gheorghe Matei, the deputy commander. On 25 August they reached Tazlau, where the armored group linked uo with the 7th Heavy Artillery Regiment. The following day they were interned in a POW camp.

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

特别提示：本帖子在 2008-4-10 21:58:56 由用户 412886049 编辑过

Cpt. Constantin Neagu was born on 2 June 1910 in Luncani, 巴克烏(Bacau)county. In November 1942 he was the CO of the 3rd Tank Company/1st Tank Battalion, equipped with R-2 tanks (Skoda LT VZ 35).

Constantin Neagu 上尉于1910年6月2日出生在巴克乌的Luncani.1942年11月成为第1坦克营第3坦克连连长.该连装备的是R-2坦克(也就是Skoda LT VZ 35)

Early in the morning of 20 November, his company replaced the 1st Tank Company as the 1st Tank Regiment's forward detachment. It took part in the attack on Winterlager farm and cleared all enemy resistance encountered, allowing the motorized vanatori to continue their advance.

On 24 November, his company was sent from Osinovska to Oserkiy to help the 3rd Motorized Vanatori Regiment disengage the Soviet cavalry and retreat. He destroyed the Oserkiy farm and the troops defending it, as well as several cavalry squadrons trying to cut off the retreat path of the Romanian motorized infantry.

发表主题： 426
发表回复： 422
网站暂行积分： 1940

【人类幸存者】

And from the ranks of the "forgotten heroes" (the NCOs that unfortunately don't get as much publicity as the officers): serg. maj. Stefan Raducu, born on 26 December 1912 in Grecesti, Dolj county. He was a tank commander, most likely a T-4 (Pz IV), given his achievements.

During the fights at Donchinsky (probably on 22 November 1942) he destroyed two T-34s and two AT guns. During the attack on reference point 302, while attacking another AT gun, his tank was destroyed and he was gravely wounded. He won the Virtutea Militara Medal 1st class (war version), the highest Romanian military award for NCOs.

The source is the same: Tanchistii by Constantin Ucrain and Dumitru Dobre.

新用户注册返回首页
首页上一页下一页尾页页次1/2 转到第页