[烛光生存狂]-绘图版上的法国坦克和装甲车辆

ARL V 39自行火炮

无装甲的ARL V 39自行火炮的原型车

Designed as a self-propelled gun for the DCRs, the Infantry's armoured divisions, 72 ARL V 39 (including 24 unarmed command variants) were ordered on 15 October 1939 to arm 8 battalions each with two batteries of 3 vehicles (two battalions per DCR). On 9 May 1940, the order was increased to 108. The ARL V 39 was to have 50mm armour and be armed, like the SAu 40, with a new "high power" APX 75mm gun of which only two prototypes existed, both mounted on the SPG prototypes. None were produced other than the single prototype, evacuated to Morroco and abandoned there.

作为后备装甲师（DCR，相当于装甲步兵师）的自行火炮设计，1939年10月15日定购了72辆ARL V 39（包括24辆无武装的指挥型）用于装备8个营，每营各辖两个3辆车的连，每个装甲步兵师计划有两个营（12辆）。1940年5月9日（投降前一个月），订单增加到108辆。ARL V 39有50毫米厚的装甲，象SAu40一样，装一门新式“大威力”APX型75毫米炮，此炮实际只生产过两门原型，都装在自行火炮的原型车上。ARL V 39只生产了一辆原型车，后撤往摩洛哥并被放弃。

Derived from the 1929 fortress gun (itself a development of the old 1897 field gun) with a semi-automatic breech and an automatic loader added, the "high power" APX 75mm gun fired a mle 1915 HE round with a reduced charge at 400 m/s and the mle 1915 AP round at 570 m/s (50mm penetration at 1000 m) and its two sights and stereoscopic rangefinder allowed a direct fire range of 2000 m. Horizontal traverse was 7° to the left and 7°6 to the right, -10° to 30° vertically. 200 rounds were carried. One original feature of the gun was the fact that the barrel could be retracted inside the hull to reduce the vehicles length when moving.

“大威力”APX型75毫米炮由1929型要塞炮（旧式1897型野炮的发展型）衍生而来，加装了半自动炮尾和一个自动装填器，发射减装药的1915型高爆弹（初速400米/秒），及1915型穿甲弹（初速570米/秒，1000米距离可穿透50毫米装甲）。它的两个瞄准具和立体测距仪使得直射射程可以达到2000米，火炮的水平射界为左7度和右7度6分，垂直射界为-10--30度，备弹200发。另一个创新是炮管在车辆机动时可收进车体减小车长。

SOMUA S 40坦克和SAu 40自行火炮

从左到右：后期型S35，改进型S40，SAu40自行火炮的原型车

The main differences between the S 40 and its forerunner are : slightly wider simplified hull for ease of production, uprated engine (220 hp instead of 190, 13475 cc, 45 km/h), slightly redesigned running gear with the front wheel moved forward, a new wider ARL 2C turret (the turret on the photo is a wooden mock up). Production was planned for July or late June 1940.

The SAu 40 SPG was initially the ARL V 39's counterpart for the DLMs, the Cavalry's armoured divisions.

S40和以前型号的主要区别是：采用了更利于生产的略宽的简化车体，发动机的功率从190马力提升到了220马力，最大速度可达45公里/小时，对传动装置进行了微调，前轮前移。采用了新的更宽的ARL 2C炮塔（上图中的是一个木制模型）。S40原计划于1940年6月底或7月开始生产。SAu40自行火炮原计划用于装备轻型机械化师（DLM），相当于装甲步兵师的ARL V 39。

36 vehicles were ordered on the same day as the ARL V 39 (24 SPGs and 12 command vehicles, organised as the ARLs) but this was cancelled on 1 May 1940 because of teething problems with the new 75mm "high power" APX gun and in order to standardise production on the ARL design. Instead, 72 SAu 40s were ordered as tank destoyers, armed with the 47mm mle 1937 (the same gun as the Artillery's 47mm ATG). None of these were produced but it appears that the SAu 40 prototype above saw action in an improvised unit in June 1940.

与ARL V 39同时订购36辆（24辆自行火炮和12辆指挥型，编制同ARL V 39），但于1940年5月1日取消定货，原因是与新式75毫米“大威力”APX炮的整合出现了一些问题，而且军方想用ARL作为标准装备，以利于生产，因此，重新订购了72辆SAu40作为坦克歼击车，装一门47毫米1937型炮（就是陆军炮兵的47毫米反坦克炮）。S40和SAu40都没有量产，但SAu40的原型车可能被编入一个临时部队参加了1940年6月前的战斗。

FCM F1

全尺寸木制模型（注意左边的人，可以看出F1的庞大身躯）

Twelve of these 140 tonnes behemoths were ordered on 27 April 1940 to replace the aging FCM 2Cs. This tank, designed to lead assaults on the Siegfried Line in 1941, was to be armed with a high-velocity 90mm gun (mv 710 m/s, penetration 100mm at 1000 m) in the rear turret and a 75mm SA 35 in the front turret (the mock up above shows a 47mm gun mock up instead) with a 25mm AT gun on each side of the hull ! The design wasn't finalised however and armament variants included a 105mm gun in the forward turret of in the front hull. Its front armour was to be 120mm with 100mm side armour and its two 550 hp engines would hopefully allow it to race along at a mighty 24 km/h...

1940年4月27日定购了12辆这种140吨的巨无霸以取代过时的FCM2C坦克。这种坦克设计用于1941年进攻“齐格菲”防线，计划在后炮塔装一门高速90毫米炮（初速710米/秒，1000米距离穿甲100毫米），在前炮塔装一门75毫米SA35型炮（上图模型中以一门47毫米炮代替），车体的两侧还各有一门25毫米反坦克炮。可是该设计没有最终定案，武器的替代方案包括在车体前部的前炮塔装一门105毫米炮。该车的前车体装甲达120毫米，侧装甲厚100毫米，两台各550马力的发动机有望达到24公里/小时的时速。

Renault G1R

The 1936 requirement for a D2 replacement in the "battle tank" role called for a 20 tonnes tank, capable of 40 km/h, with the armour of a B1 bis, a 47mm SA 35 turret gun and a hull-mounted 75mm gun. However, Renault's design evolved into a 35 tonne tank with a turret mounted "high power" APX 75mm gun... which was rejected on 14 May 1940 because it was too far from any official requirement !

1936年军方要求一种20吨级的取代D2坦克的“战斗坦克”，速度可达40公里/小时，采用B1 bis坦克的装甲，装一门47毫米SA35炮塔炮和一门75毫米车体炮。然而雷诺的设计最终演进成一种35吨的炮塔装“大威力”APX75毫米炮的坦克，1940年5月14日被以与军方要求相差太大而废止。

Gendron AM 39

最终定型的原型车，装APX5炮塔，25毫米炮和7.5毫米并列机枪

Designed as a short-range reconnaissance armoured car (AMR) in 1934, the Gendron AM 39 was adopted on 2 September 1939 and 150 were ordered as stop gap vehicles to supplement the Reanult AMR 1935 pending the delivery of the Panhard AM 40 P.

1934年设计的Gendron AM39作为短程轮式装甲侦察车（AMR），于1939年9月2日被采用，并订购150辆和雷诺AMR1935一起，填补在Panhard AM40P交付前的空隙。

Engine : 75 hp, 4840 cc Weight : 6150 kg

Speed : 69 km/h Armour : 15 mm

Length : 3.74 m Width : 2.05 m Height : 2.00 m

发动机：75马力

重量：6150公斤

速度：69公里/小时

装甲：15毫米

长3.74米

宽2.05米

高2.00米

Panhard AM 40 P (voiture spéciale 201)

Panhard AM 40 P 原型车

Designed to the 1938 specifications of the "auto-mitrailleuse puissante" (powerful armoured car) which fused all armoured car classes into one, this was a very innovative low profile, 8-wheel drive, monocoque 2-man design with an oscillating turret and 60mm armour ! The central wheels were used only for cross-country movement and could be raised for road travel. The main armament would most likely have been a 47mm gun although a 25mm was mounted on th prototype. 600 were ordered... on 1st May 1940. The single prototype was evacuated to North Africa and lost there, although many of the AM 40 P's features were incorporated into the post-war EBR.

根据1938年的“大功率装甲汽车”（auto-mitrailleuse puissante）性能要求设计，该要求把所有的装甲汽车并入一个计划，这是一种很有创意的外形低矮，八轮驱动，硬壳式结构的包含有两名乘员的设计，采用一个摇摆炮塔和60毫米厚的装甲。该车的行动系统也很不寻常，中间的轮子只用于越野行驶，公路行驶时可以往上收起。主要的武器很可能是一门47毫米炮，不过原型车上装的却是25毫米

一点补充:

http://www.forum.fun-online.sk/viewtopic.php?t=2864&highlight=amx&sid=d93d191f7ef8fe95bcf5230c93aae4f1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Char_G1

In 1935-1936 a new military program is launched to develop a "G" tank for the infantry in replacement of the D1 and D2 tanks.

1935-36年准备研制一种新型的"G"步兵坦克用来取代D1和D2坦克.

Different companies proposed their projects for this program:

-SOMUA

-LORRAINE (G1 L)

-RENAULT (G1 R) - Renault designation = ACK 1

-BAUDET DONON ROUSSEL (G1 B)

-FOUGA (G1 F)

-SEAM (G1 P)

The initial requirement are a weight of about 20 tons (later modified to 30 tons), an armor of 50mm, a top speed of 50 km/h, a range of about 200 km and an armament consisting in a 47mm (75mm) gun mounted in a turret and 2 MGs. In fact the infantry wanted a kind of Somua S35 like the cavalry. The G1 tank would be lighter than the B1bis, easier and cheaper to produce. At the same time, Germany started to study the Panzer III and the Panzer IV, armed respectively with a 37mm and a 75mm gun mounted in a turret.

最初要求重量在20吨(之后修改成30吨),装甲厚50mm,最高时速50公里/小时,行程200公里.武备包括炮塔上的一门47mm(75mm)炮和两挺机枪.实际上步兵是想要骑兵用的S35之类的坦克.G1的重量要比B1bis的轻,更容易生产,价格也更便宜.与此同时,德国人开始研制三号和四号坦克,两者分别安装的是一门37mm和一门75mm炮.

• For Somua the chassis is the one of the future Somua S40 with a dual armament, an APX4 turret with a 47mm SA35 gun and a 75mm hull gun. It is a kind of B1bis but weighting about 25 tons instead of 32 tons. The armor would reach 60mm, there is a 300hp engine (12 cylinders) allowing to reach 40 km/h and the hull gun as a traverse of 12°. This project is not continued but will lead to the development of the Somua SAu40.

• Somua使用的是为S40准备的底盘,武备包括一门安装在APX4炮塔上的SA35型47mm炮和一门75mm车体炮.它和B1bis非常的相似,只是车重从32吨下降到了25吨.装甲厚度将达到60mm,采用一台300马力的发动机,可以使车辆达到40公里/小时的速度.车体炮可以旋转12度.这项计划没有继续下去,不过却由此导致了SAu40的研制.

• The SEAM developped the G1P. P is designing prince Poniatowsky, leader of the engineering/study department. This project is also a dual tank. It is a tank weighting 30 tons with 4 crew members (commander, driver, hull gunner and radio operator).

This tank came through different development levels. There are at least 2 fore-projects levels and 1 prototype level (there are photos of the single prototype built). According to the size fo the APX4, the estimated dimensions of the tank are length = ?; width = 2920-2940mm; height = 2730-2760mm; height of the hull = 1740-1830mm.

Only one prototype has been buit but never completely achieved (engine was not corresponding to the requirements, turret and armement were never mounted). The Germans will capture this single prototype in 1940 according to photographic evidences.

The hull is made of cast armor. The shape is very modern according to the last drawings and less square than on the first drawings. The tracks are protected by armor and the transmission is electric.

The armament consists in a 75mm SA35 in the hull but with a traverse like in the B1ter (unlike in the B1bis) and a 47mm SA35 in the turret. There were also one co-axial MG and a hull MG.

• Renault develops a different tank, with a modern chassis and all the armament in a new kind of turret. The turret will be equipped with a 47mm L/53 high velocity gun (V° = 840 m/s) and/or a 75mm gun (shortened 75mm Mle1897 barrel with a semi-automatic breech Mle1935 - V° = 555 m/s). The studies from Renault are more similar to the Panzer IV in Germany, the T34 in Russia or the future M4 Sherman in 1942, which will be partly inspired by French engineers detached in Washington in July 1940. The G1R would have been produced in September 1940 (the effective war against Germany was not expected before 1941) but the development was stopped in June 1940. The French in 1937/1939 also preferred a dual armament at this time, like the British for the first developments of the Churchill and the USA with the later M3 Grant for the USA. In May 1940, the combats proved that Renault was right with its 75mm gun mounted in the turret and such a tank would have been really useful. The USA will nonetheless develop the M3 Grant, arguing that it was too intricate to handle 75mm shells in a small turret. The British will cancel the planned mounting of a 3 inches (76.2mm) gun in the Chassis of the Churchill after Saint-Nazaire in 1941 and the first combats in North-Africa. The Renault G1R is armed with a 47mm SA37 L/53 gun or a 75mm gun based on the barrel of the 75mm Mle1897 field gun, both can be seen on the wooden models made by Renault. The anti-tank capacity is far better with the 47mm gun but the HE shells are more powerful for the 75mm guns. It is therefore planned to arm platoons of 3-5 tanks with 47mm and 75mm armed tanks. The 75mm gun would also have been able to fire the new Brandt 75/57mm sub-calibrated shells and Brandt HEAT shells.

After visiting Germany in late 1929/early 1930, members of the Soviet Mission invited the German engineer Edward Grote to the USSR. After his arrival, Grote began work at the AVO-5 Design Office, within the Aviation Engine Department of the 'Bolshevik' Factory. He led a team that was engaged on designing on a heavily armored, medium-weight tank as an alternative to the maneuverable T-24 . In 1930, prototypes of the experimental, TG Tank (Tank Grote) were subjected to trials and found to have some faults. Despite rectifying the faults that were found during testing, it was decided that the TG Tank would not be placed in production. Further work on the TG Tank was suspended and the services of Edward Grote were no longer required and in August 1933, Grote was requested to leave the USSR. He was then thought to have gone to France and worked for Renault on the development of the experimental G1R tank. On the declaration of war he may have moved to the USA and been involved in the design of the Sherman tank. He is barely mentioned anywhere except for the US immigration records for that period that recorded an Edward Grote as taking up employment with the US Government in mid 1940.

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